不同磷钾水平对硅酸盐细菌解钾溶磷能力的影响

中国土壤中钾矿含量丰富，但多以缓效态存在，不能被作物直接吸收利用。尤其在广大东北地区，土壤全钾水平较高，而速效态含量较低。因此，有效提高土壤中可给态钾的转化，对于减少施肥量，改善土壤微域环境具有重要的理论和实际意义。本研究通过土壤培养和液体培养，研究了不同磷、钾水平对硅酸盐细菌解钾溶磷能力的影响。结果表明，向土壤中添加0.2%钾矿粉接种钾细菌后，生物释钾率最大为38.7%。液体培养中磷矿粉含量0.1%时，生物释磷率最大为32.0%。随添加钾、磷矿粉含量的增加，硅酸盐细菌解钾溶磷有降低趋势。说明施入过量的钾矿粉，容易造成钾胁迫，抑制钾细菌的繁殖和矿化。

The Effects on Releasing Potassium and Phosphors by Silicate-Bacteria under Different Contents of Potassium and Phosphors

Although the total content of Zinc in the soil is higher, the chief is in residual state which can not be absorbed by the plants especially in north-east China. So it is important to improve the availability of Zinc in the soil, decrease the fertilization and amend the environment. The capacity of resolving potassium feldspar and ground phosphoresce affected by Silicate-dissolving bacteria was studied when different contents of potassium and phosphors in soil culture and fluid culture were added. The results indicated that: in soil culture, the availability potassium was improved to the tiptop as 0.2% potassium feldspar added, and the biological potassium-releasing rate was 38.7%. In liquid culture, the available phosphors reached to the top when the content of acid phosphate was 0.2%, and the biological phosphors-resolving rate was 32%. With the improving of potassium and phosphoresce, the tendency of biological resolving was lower.