菌糠搭载硫酸铝对盐碱地稻田养分状况的影响研究

基于盐碱地稻作改良,菌糠、Al_2(SO_4)_3各具优势。以大安市盐碱地稻田为供试对象,共设置菌糠搭载Al_2(SO_4)_3、菌糠、Al_2(SO_4)_3改良剂、单施化肥和池梗地对照五个处理,分别从水稻栽植前及当季生产结束后对盐碱地养分状况进行对比分析。结果表明:与对照相比,基于灌水泡田,四个改良处理均能够迅速提升盐碱地稻田有机质、有效磷的含量,Al_2(SO_4)_3、菌糠及单一化肥施入短期内即可促进稻田全磷、全钾含量的提升,搭载Al_2(SO_4)_3的菌糠尽管对两者影响不大,但能缓解碱解氮的流失;历经水稻生育期,菌糠及其配施Al_2(SO_4)_3以及单一化肥施入的三个处理均能有效促进盐碱地稻田有机质的矿化,反之,Al_2(SO_4)_3改良剂更利于有机质含量的累积;在此过程,各改良处理条件下的全磷含量均有所增加,但碱解氮含量均有消耗,其中,以菌糠搭载Al_2(SO_4)_3处理的效果更为明显;在水稻生产过后,与对照相比,单施化肥及菌糠施入能够对稻田全钾含量有所促进,而单施化肥及Al_2(SO_4)_3改良剂处理能够加速有效磷的消耗,与此同时,菌糠搭载Al_2(SO_4)_3、Al_2(SO_4)_3改良剂及单施化肥的三个处理更有利于速效钾含量的累积。

Ameliorated Effect of Fungus Dregs Combined with Aluminum Sulfate on the Nutrient Condition of Paddy Field in Saline-alkali Land

Based on the paddy amelioration of saline-alkali soil,both of fungus dregs and Al2(SO4)3 modifier have their own advantages.The article used the paddy field in saline-alkali soil of Daan city as the tested object and designed the following five treatments:the fungus dregs combined with Al2(SO4)3,fungus dregs,Al2(SO4)3 modifier,only chemical fertilizer and control of paddy ridge.The contrastive analysis was conducted to study the nutrient condition of saline-alkali soil before the paddy planting and at the end of current production.The results were as following:based on the water irrigation of paddy fields,the four ameliorated treatments rapidly increased the contents of organic matter and available P in saline-alkali soil compared with the control treatment.The treatments of Al2(SO4)3 modifier,fungus dregs and only chemical fertilizer significantly enhanced the contents of total P and total K in paddy field of saline-alkali soil in a short term.Although the fungus dregs combined with Al2(SO4)3 had no significant effect on the total P and total K contents,they inhibited the loss of alkali-hydrolyzale N.After the period of rice growth,the three treatments of fungus dregs,fungus dregs combined with Al2(SO4)3 and only chemical fertilizer effectively promoted the organic matter mineralization in saline-alkali soil.On the contrary,the Al2(SO4)3 modifier treatment was more conducive to the accumulation of organic matter content.In the process,the total P contents in saline-alkali soil were enhanced by all the ameliorated treatments,while the alkali-hydrolyzale N contents were consumed,and the effect of fungus dregs combined with Al2(SO4)3 was the most.After the rice production,the only chemical fertilizer and fungus dregs increased the total K contents of paddy fields compared to the control.However,the treatments of only chemical fertilizer and Al2(SO4)3 modifier accelerated the consumption of available P.At the same time,the fungus dregs combined with Al2(SO4)3,Al2(SO4)3 modifier and only chemical fertilizer were more advantageous to the accumulation of available K content in paddy fields of saline-alkali soil.