空间分析在土壤重金属污染研究中的应用

空间分析技术是土壤重金属污染研究中的一个重要工具。与经典数据统计分析方法学相比,空间分析考虑了数据的空间位置和空间关联性,能挖掘土壤重金属在二维甚至三维空间上的空间分异和时空变异特征,并对这些结果进行可视化使之以更加直观的形式呈现出来。本文概述了探索性空间数据分析(ESDA)、空间回归分析、地统计学及空间插值分析、空间随机模拟等主要空间分析理论和方法。在此基础上,综述了空间分析在土壤重金属污染调查采样设计、空间统计分析、空间变异分析及制图、土壤重金属污染来源解析及污染不确定性研究等方面的应用和研究动态,介绍了一些应用于土壤重金属污染研究的空间分析新方法,并就空间分析方法在土壤重金属研究中的应用前景和发展趋势做了展望。

Application of Spatial Analysis on Soil Heavy Metal Contamination: A Review

Spatial analysis technique is acting as an important tool in the research on heavy metal pollution.Compared with the traditional statistics,spatial analysis technique takes the spatial location and correlation of the heavy metal data into account,and can explore the spatial and temporal variability of soil heavy metals in two or even three-dimensional space.This paper firstly summarized the main theories and methods of spatial analysis techniques,such as exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA),spatial regression analysis,geostatistics,spatial interpolation analysis,and spatial stochastic simulation.Then,the researches about spatial analysis technique applicationin heavy metal sampling design and investigation,digital soil mapping,source identification and appointment,and heavy metal pollution uncertainty were reviewed.Finally,some new methods applied recently in researches on soil heavy metal pollution were introduced and some development trends wereprospected.