降雨因子对粉煤灰产流产渣的影响

为研究降雨因子对粉煤灰产流产渣的影响,揭示粉煤灰产流产渣的规律,采用径流小区定位观测试验,研究雨季期粉煤灰径流小区在自然降雨条件下的产流产渣特征。结果表明:(1)观测期内总降雨量为1 160.0mm,侵蚀降雨量为720.7mm,7月份降雨、侵蚀降雨均最多,分别为409.6mm和217.1mm,暴雨的侵蚀降雨量最大,为280.1mm;(2)7月份产流产渣最多,3个小区的产流产渣量分别为0.72,1.06,0.67m~3和0.30,0.90,0.21kg,暴雨的产流产渣量最大,分别为0.62,1.02,0.73m~3和0.16,0.57,0.15kg,降雨量大于50mm的降雨产流产渣量最多,分别为0.79,0.98,0.53m~3和0.17,0.72,0.15kg,雨强大于40mm/h的降雨产流产渣量最多,分别为0.82,1.06,0.76m3~和0.21,0.87,0.19kg;(3)降雨量、I30、降雨侵蚀力与产流产渣显著相关,径流量受降雨量影响最大,产渣受降雨侵蚀力影响最大,受降雨历时的影响都最小。产流产渣与降雨量、I_(30)、降雨侵蚀力均呈多项式关系,产流与降雨历时呈线性关系,产渣与降雨历时线性关系不明显。随着降雨的持续,粉煤灰产流产渣也随之增加,侵蚀降雨量、降雨侵蚀力对其影响尤为明显。研究成果利于贮灰场粉煤灰流失的预防和治理,为贮灰场的生态恢复提供参考。

Effects of Rainfall Characteristics on the Runoff and Soil Erosion of Coal Fly Ash

In order to study the influence of rainfall factors on runoff and erosion of coal fly ash (CFA),and reveal the law of runoff and sediment yield of CFA,runoff generation and erosion (RGE) characteristics of CFA were studied under natural rainfall conditions during the rainy season.This study was carried out by means of located observation methods to analysis natural rainfall events in experimental plots.The results showed that:(1) During the observation period,the total rainfall was 1 160.0 mm,while the erosive rainfall was 720.7 mm.The total rainfall and erosive rainfall in July were the most,being 409.6 mm and 217.1 mm,respectively.Heavy rains of erosive rainfall was 280.1 mm;(2) RGE in July was the greatest,being 0.72,1.06,0.67 m3,and 0.30,0.90,0.21 kg,respectively.RGE of rainstorm were the greatest,being 0.62,1.02,0.73 m3,and 0.16,0.57,0.15 kg,respectively.RGE of the rainfall heavier than 50 mm were the greatest,being 0.79,0.98,0.53 m3,and 0.17,0.72,0.15 kg,respectively.RGE of the rainfall intensity stronger than 40 mm/h were the greatest,being 0.82,1.06,0.76 m3,and 0.21,0.87,0.19 kg,respectively;(3) Rainfall,I30,rainfall erosion force were associated with a significant yield in RGE.Rainfall capacity played a vital role in the runoff,rainfall erosion played a vital role in the sediment yield,while the relationship between RGE and rainfall duration was not significant.The relationships between RGE and rainfall capacity,and I30 implied by the equation were polynomial.The relationship between runoff and rainfall duration was linear,but there was no significant relationship between sediment yield and rainfall duration.RGE increased with the accumulation of rainfall characteristics,with erosive rainfall and rainfall erosion having particularly evident impact on RGE.The results are beneficial to the prevention and control of CFA loss in the storage yard,and can provide a reference for the ecological restoration of the CFA storage yard.