黄骅市土壤含盐量空间变异特征和影响因素分析

文章为了探知黄骅市土壤含盐量的空间变异及影响因素,基于样点数据,运用GIS和地统计相结合的方法对土壤含盐量的空间变异特征和空间分布进行分析和模拟。然后通过逐步回归分析对影响黄骅市土壤含盐量空间分布的主要因素进行分析。结果显示:(1)黄骅市土壤含盐量空间变异拟合于指数模型,存在各向异性,基底效应属于中等,其空间分布受到外界因素的影响。(2)黄骅市土壤含盐量整体上由沿海向内陆逐渐降低,在内陆地区的黄骅镇和南大港也出现了聚集;全市仅有8.49%的土地未出现土壤盐渍化,零星分布于黄骅市内陆边界地区;轻度盐渍化土面积最大,占全市面积的31.93%。(3)黄骅市土壤含盐量与高程、地下水矿化度、地下水埋深空间分布格局较为吻合,与土壤含盐量空间相关性最大的因素是地下水矿化度,而且更多表现为直接影响,其次为地下水埋深,高程因素相关性最小,黄骅市表层土壤与地下水之间垂直迁移交换作用比盐分水平运移作用更显著。

Assessment on Spatial Variability and Influencing Factors of Soil Salinity in Huanghua City

This paper was mainly focused on studied the spatial variation characteristics and influencing factors of soil salinity in Huanghua City.Based on the sample data,the spatial variability and distribution of soil salinity were analyzed and simulated by using the methods of GIS and geo statistics.Then the main factors that affected the spatial distribution of soil salinity in Huanghua City were analyzed by stepwise regression analysis.The results showed that:① The spatial variation of soil salinity in Huanghua City was fit to the exponential model,and there was anisotropy.The effect of the base was moderate and its spatial distribution was affected by external factors.② Salt content of soil in Huanghua City gradually reduced from the coast to the inland and also appeared gathered in the inland areas and south port of Huanghua Town;Only 8.49％ of the city land did not appear soil salinization,which was scattered in the inland border areas of Huanghua City;The largest area of mild salinization soil accounted for 31.93％ of the city area;③ The spatial distribution pattern of soil salinity was fit to elevation,the mineralization degree of groundwater and the groundwater depth.The correlation of soil salinity with the mineralization degree of groundwater was the most significant,which was mostly a direct impact,and then that with the depth of groundwater.That with elevation was the lowest.The vertical migration and exchange between surface soil and groundwater were more significant than the horizontal migration of salinity in Huanghua City.