不同有机物料对连作大豆土壤养分含量及生物性状的影响

选取畜禽粪便、天然有机物料、有机肥类有机物料3大类共9种有机物料进行大田试验,设正茬和连作2种种植方式,主要研究不同类型有机物料对土壤养分和生物性状变化特征的影响。结果表明:有机物料的施入对提高土壤养分含量和改善土壤生物性状作用效果明显。正茬土壤pH为5.70~6.00,连作土壤pH为5.50~5.90,施用有机物料小区均高于CK处理。畜禽粪便类有机物料,对提高大豆土壤速效钾含量效果显著,对正茬和连作土壤分别平均提高12.73%和17.09%;猪粪对正茬土壤呼吸提高11.30%;鸡粪对连作土壤中微生物量氮提高13.85%。天然有机物料,对提高土壤中碱解氮作用明显,正茬和连作分别平均提高6.31%和3.30%。有机肥类有机物料,对大豆土壤中速效磷含量正茬和连作土壤分别提高2.13%和2.27%,有机质含量分别提高1.98%和4.20%;鸡粪型有机肥对正茬土壤微生物量碳提高3.45%。所有有机物料处理整体效果均好于CK处理,这表明有机物料的施入具有提高大豆土壤养分含量,改善土壤养分性状的作用。

Effects of Different Organic Materials on Soil nutrient Contents and Biological Properties of Continuous Cropping of Soybean

Nine kinds of organic materials from three categories,including poultry excrement,natural organic material,and organic fertilizer were studied in a field trial.This research studied on the effects of different kinds of organic materials on variation characteristics in soil nutrients and biological traits following main cropping and continuous cropping.The results indicated that the application of organic materials apparently increased soil nutrient contents and improved soil biological properties.Soil pH values of the main cropping and continuous cropping were 5.70-6.00 and 5.50-5.90,respectively,with pH values being increased by the application of organic materials.Poultry excrement significantly increased available potassium content by 12.73％ and 17.09％ in the soil of the main cropping and continuous cropping of soybean,repectively;pig manure increased soil respiration by 11.30％.Chicken manure increased microbial biomass nitrogen in the soil of continuous cropping by 13.85％.Alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen in the soil was significantly increased,i.e.by 6.31％ and 3.30％,respectively,by the application of natural organic materials for both the main cropping and continuous cropping.Available phosphorus content in the soil was increased by 2.13％ and 2.27％ by the application of organic fertilizer,respectively;organic matter content was increased by 1.98％and 4.20％.Chicken manure fertilizer increased soil microbial biomass carbon for the main cropping by 3.45 ％.All fields treated with organic materials had better soil nutrient and biological traits compared with the control,indicating that the application of organic materials can increase nutrient contents in soybean soil and improve its nutrient properties.