福建省1956—2013年降雨侵蚀力与厄尔尼诺-南方涛动（ENSO）的关系

选取1956-2013年福建省57个主要气象站点日降雨量数据,采用日降雨侵蚀力模型计算降雨侵蚀力,分析厄尔尼诺—南方涛动(ENSO)对福建省降雨侵蚀力的影响.结果表明,虽ENSO对福建省不同区域的气象站点的影响存在差异,但总规律为:(1)福建省降雨侵蚀力年际变化和年内变化较大,总体呈现略微波动上升的趋势;(2)福建省降雨侵蚀力与赤道太平洋中东部海洋表面温度(SST)距平值呈现极显著相关.厄尔尼诺(El Ni(n)o)时期降雨侵蚀力较拉尼娜(La Nina)时期大,但均低于福建省平均降雨侵蚀力;(3)降雨侵蚀力与南方涛动指数(SOI)和多变量ENSO指数(MEI)存在极显著相关.通过分析ENSO对福建省降雨侵蚀力影响,为福建省土壤侵蚀的预测和土壤保持提供参考和依据.

The Relationship Between Rainfall Erosivity and ENSO in Fujian Province During 1956-2013

This study selected daily precipitation data of 57 main meteorological stations from 1956 to 2013 in Fujian province to calculate rainfall erosivity by applying the daily rainfall erosivity model and analyze the impact of ENSO events on rainfall erosivity in Fujian province.The results indicated that although the impacts of ENSO on meteorological stations were different in different areas,there were some general rules as follows:(1) The trend of rainfall erosivity showed general upward but an evident inter-annual and intra-annual variation;(2) Rainfall erosoivity was significantly related to SST anomaly in equatorial Pacific.The rainfall erosivty during El Ni(n)o period was relatively higher than that during the La Ni(n)a period,but they were both lower than the average rainfall erosivty in Fujian province;(3) There were extremely significant correlation between rainfall erosivity and SOI and MEI.Through analyzing the effect of ENSO on rainfall erosivity,it would provide reference and basis for soil erosion prediction of and soil conservation in Fujian province.