长江下游水体微生物群落代谢多样性及影响因素研究

研究旨在对长江下游微生物群落代谢多样性以及环境因子对它的影响进行分析,以期为长江下游地区生态环境的改善及修复做参考。通过Biolog-ECO技术分析了长江下游各江段水体微生物代谢多样性,探究各江段水质理化因子变化与微生物群落代谢多样性的关系。研究发现长江下游水质指标除TP、TN外,其他指标均符合Ⅱ类以上标准;微生物群落的整体代谢能力南京江段最强;微生物群落丰富度指数在南京江段最高;多样性指数与均匀度指数由高到低排列顺序为安庆江段、南京江段、靖江江段、铜陵江段、芜湖江段;RDA分析表明,水体理化因子TP、Pb对长江微生物代谢六大类碳源呈现正相关关系。综合水质指标和各江段微生物代谢多样性分析,长江下游水体安庆江段和南京江段的富营养化程度较高,TP、Pb对长江下游水体微生物群落代谢多样性具有促进作用。

Metabolic Diversity of Microbial Communities in the Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River and the Influencing Factors

The purpose is to analyze the metabolic diversity of microbial community and the impact of environmental factors on it, so as to provide reference for the improvement and restoration of ecological environment in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Biolog-ECO technology was used to analyze the microbial metabolic diversity in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and to explore the relationship between the changes of physical and chemical factors of water quality and the metabolic diversity of microbial communities. The results showed that except TP and TN, other water quality indexes in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River met the above class II standards; the overall metabolic capacity of the microbial community in Anqing and Nanjing river sections was relatively strong; the richness index of microbial community was the highest in Nanjing river section; the sequence of diversity index and evenness index from high to low was Anqing river section, Nanjing river section, Jingjiang river section, Tongling river section and Wuhu river section. The results of RDA analysis showed that TP and Pb were positively correlated with the six major carbon sources. Based on the analysis of water quality index and microbial metabolic diversity, the eutrophication degree of Anqing and Nanjing river section is relatively high, and TP and Pb can promote the metabolic diversity of microbial communities in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River.