1983—2018年内蒙古达里诺尔自然保护区水域动态变化及其驱动因素分析

为全面了解达里诺尔自然保护区湖泊水域面积变化趋势及其驱动因素,本研究采用1983—2018年达里诺尔自然保护区遥感影像,结合监督分类和目视解译方法提取水体,研究了区内湖泊水域动态变化及其驱动因素。结果显示:1983—2018年湖泊水域总面积整体呈下降趋势,共减少了31.56 km²,其平均变化速率为-0.9 km²/a,占总面积的13%;其中达里诺尔湖水域面积呈下降趋势,共减少了34.23 km²,其平均变化速率为-0.98 km²/a;而岗更湖水域面积呈上升趋势,共增加了2.67 km²,其平均变化速率 0.08 km²/a。达里诺尔湖泊萎缩区主要集中在湖东、西、东北方向;岗更湖东、东北、西南方向水域处于扩张状态。水域动态变化驱动因素分析表明,研究区湖泊水域面积变化主要与气温变暖、降水减少以及显著的人类活动（旅游业、畜牧业和养殖等）有关。

Dynamic Changes and Driving Factors of Water Area in Dalinor Nature Reserve,Inner Mongolia, 1983—2018

To fully understand the trend and drivers of lake water area change in Dalinor Nature Reserve (DNR), this study based on the remote sensing image from 1983 to 2018 in the DNR, extracted water bodies by adopting supervision classification and visual interpretation methods, and studied the dynamic changes and drivers of lake water area in the DNR. The results showed that the total lake water area in DNR decreased by 31.56 km² from 1983 to 2018, with an average change rate of -0.9 km²/a, accounting for 13% of the total area; among them, the Dalinor Lake water area showed a downward trend, with a total decrease of 34.23 km², and an average change rate of -0.98 km²/a, while the Ganggeng Lake water area increased by 2.67 km², with an average change rate of 0.08 km²/a. The water in the east, west and northeast directions of the Dalinor Lake were shrinking; the water in the east, northeast and southwest directions of Ganggeng Lake were in an expansionary state. The analysis of the dynamic change drivers of lake water area in the DNR show that the changes of lake water area in the study area are mainly related to warming temperature, decreasing precipitation and significant human activities (tourism, animal husbandry and aquaculture, etc.).