木醋液在农业病虫草防控中的应用研究进展

为了开发木醋液作为优质生物农药的应用价值,本文归纳了不同原材料制作的木醋液在细菌真菌病害、病毒病、根结线虫病、害虫和杂草防除中的应用研究案例。总结了木醋液分别在病虫草防治中的作用:在适当浓度下,对真菌、细菌和根结线虫皆能有效抑制;作为助剂也能用于防治植物病毒病;对害虫具有驱避作用,浓度高时,直接的毒杀效果也很明显;对于作物田的部分杂草种类,木醋液具有被开发为生物除草剂的潜能。同时简单介绍了木醋液对有害生物的作用机理,指出了木醋液作为生物农药具有原材料来源广泛、广谱有效、环境友好、不易导致抗性发展等特点,其作为生物农药具有极大的应用价值。最后指出,在今后应用研发中应分馏纯化、组合复配木醋液产品,实现机制研究和产品标准化的综合目标。

Wood Vinegar Application in Agricultural Diseases,Pests and Weeds Control: A Review

To develop the application value of wood vinegar as high quality biological pesticide, this paper summarized the application cases of wood vinegar made from different types of raw material in the control of bacterial and fungal diseases, viral diseases, root knot nematodes, arthropod pests and weeds. The effects of wood vinegar on the control of the diseases, weeds and pests were reviewed. Under the appropriate concentration, it could effectively inhibit fungi, bacteria and root knot nematodes. As an adjuvant, it also could be used to control plant viral diseases. It had the repellent effect on pests. When the concentration was high, the direct poisonous effect was also obvious. For some weed species in crop fields, wood vinegar had the potential to be developed as a biological herbicide. This paper briefly introduced the mechanism of wood vinegar on harmful organisms, and pointed out that wood vinegar, as a biological pesticide, had the characteristics of wide source of raw materials, wide spectrum of killing pests, environmentally friendly and not easy to lead to the development of resistance and so on. As a biological pesticide, wood vinegar has a great application value, and the wood vinegar products should be fractionated and purified to achieve the comprehensive goal of mechanism research and product standardization in the future.