基于高效解磷菌的煤矸石肥料制备及其应用潜力分析

从风化的煤矸石中分离筛选出一株具有解磷能力的细菌菌株GZU-Mic02,经鉴定,为藤黄微球菌(Micrococcus luteus)。利用该菌株和巨大芽孢杆菌(Bacillus megaterium)菌株ACCC1011分别解离煤矸石制备肥料,与没有处理的煤矸石样品相比,制备的煤矸石肥料的碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量都大幅提高。其中,经GZU-Mic02菌株处理的煤矸石肥料相比经巨大芽孢杆菌处理的煤矸石肥料具有更高的有效磷和碱解氮含量,而后者的速效钾含量更高。采用烟草盆栽试验验证制备的煤矸石肥料的肥效,结果表明,分别施用2种煤矸石肥料培育25 d后,烟草的株高、茎围和叶片大小均优于不施用肥料的对照组,且以用GZU-Mic02菌株制备的煤矸石肥料的效果更佳。

Preparation of coal gangue fertilizer based on high-efficiency phosphate solubilizing bacteria and its application potential

In this study, coal gangue was treated with high-efficiency phosphate solubilizing bacteria to prepare fertilizer. A strain named GZU-Mic02 with phosphate solubilizing ability was isolated from the weathered coal gangue, which was identifiied as Micrococcus luteus. Compared with the untreated coal gangue samples, the contents of available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium of the prepared coal gangue fertilizers treated with GZU-Mic02 and Bacillus megaterium strain ACCC1011 were increased. The prepared coal gangue fertilizer treated with GZU-Mic02 had higher contents of available phosphorus and available nitrogen than the prepared coal gangue fertilizer treated with Bacillus megaterium, yet the content of available potassium was higher in the prepared coal gangue fertilizer treated with Bacillus megaterium. The pot experiment was conducted with tobacco to verify the effect of the prepared coal gangue fertilizer. It was shown that the plant height, stem circumference and leaf size of tobacco grown after 25 d with the two kinds of prepared coal gangue fertilizer were higher than those in the control without fertilizer, and the effect of prepared coal gangue fertilizer treated with GZU-Mic02 strain was better.