土地经营面积对蚕农收益的影响——以涪城区现代蚕桑产业为例

为揭示桑园经营面积对中国西部地区蚕农年收益的影响,于2015—2018年间,对涪城区13个乡镇的农村经济发展水平、农村劳动力转移情况、和蚕农的生产经营情况进行跟踪调查。通过建立计量经济模型对获得的554份样本数据进行分析,以确定中国西部地区桑园经营的适度规模。结果显示:(1)蚕农每户自有产权土地面积极小,为0.04 hm²/户。(2)蚕农自主经营的平均桑园面积为2.05 hm2/户。(3)区域桑园集约经营的适度规模阈值范围为1.51～12.08 hm2。(4)蚕农人均纯收入与桑园经营规模的函数关系为y=-2491.8x2+33201x,即人均纯收入最大时的土地经营规模为6.66 hm²。由此可见,当前蚕农在确定自身土地经营规模上是理性和合理的,未来经济条件较好的情况下仍有一定的土地需求空间。

Land Management Area: Effects on the Income of Modern Sericulture Industry in Fucheng

The paper aims to reveal the influence of management area of mulberry field on the annual income of sericulture farmers in western China. During 2015-2018, we conducted a follow-up survey on the level of rural economic development, the transfer of rural labor force, and the production and operation of sericulture farmers in 13 towns in Fucheng. Through the establishment of econometric model, 554 sample data were analyzed to determine the appropriate scale of mulberry field management in western China. The results showed that: (1) the area of land owned by each household was very small with 0.04 hm² per household; (2) the average mulberry field area of sericulture farmers’ independent management was 2.05 hm² per household; (3) the appropriate scale threshold range of intensive management of regional mulberry field was 1.51-12.08 hm²; (4) the functional relationship between the per capita net income of sericulture farmer and the management scale of mulberry field was y=-2491.8x ²+33201x, that was to say, the land management scale was 6.66 hm² when the per capita net income was the largest. In conclusion, sericulture farmers are rational and reasonable in determining their own land management scale at present, and there is still a certain space for land demand in the future under better economic conditions.