强制换羽对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响

旨在研究强制换羽对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响。选取80周龄海兰褐蛋鸡4 500只,分为A、B、C组,每组1 500只,于试验组Ⅰ区饲养;选取60周龄海兰褐蛋鸡3 000只,分为D、E组,每组1 500只,于试验组Ⅱ区饲养;另选取60周龄海兰褐蛋鸡1 500只（F组）,于对照组Ⅲ区饲养。试验组Ⅰ区和试验组Ⅱ区位于同一栋鸡舍,对照组Ⅲ区位于另外一栋鸡舍。采取饲料、饮水、光照控制的方式对A~E组鸡群进行强制换羽处理;F组不进行强制换羽处理。试验包括7 d的预试期和56 d的正试期。在正试期内,测定各组鸡群的产蛋率、蛋品质指标、死亡率。结果表明：与换羽前相比,强制换羽后A、B、C组的平均产蛋率的提高幅度为27.1%,强制换羽后D、E组的平均产蛋率的提高幅度为16.1%,换羽后F组的平均产蛋率的降低幅度为5.5%;5个接受强制换羽处理的试验组（A~E组）与对照组（F组）相比,蛋重增加2.5%,蛋壳强度提高11.8%,蛋白高度提高8.8%,蛋形指数提高3.3%,蛋壳尖端的厚度提高14.8%;5个接受强制换羽处理的试验组（A~E组）的平均死亡率为2.5%,对照组（F组）的死亡率为1.5%。综上所述,强制换羽技术的应用可以明显提高海兰褐蛋鸡的产蛋率,并提升蛋品质。

Effect of Forced Moulting on Productive Performance and Egg Qualities of Laying Hens

This study aimed to investigate the effect of forced moulting on productive performance and egg quality of laying hens. A total of 4 500 Hy-line brown laying hens aged 80 weeks were selected and divided into A, B and C groups with 1 500 individuals in each group, which were raised in the experimental group areaⅠ; a total of 3 000 60-week-old Hy-line brown laying hens were selected and divided into D and E groups with 1 500 individuals in each group, which were raised in the experimental group area Ⅱ; another 1 500 60-week-old Hy-line brown laying hens （group F） were selected and raised in the control group area Ⅲ. The experimental group areasⅠand Ⅱ were located in the same hen house, and the control group area Ⅲ was located in another hen house. By controlling feed, drinking water supply and lighting, hens of groups A-E were forced to moulting, while those of group F did not received the forced moulting treatment. This study included a 7-day pre-trial period and a 56-day formal-trial period. During the formal-trial period, the egg production rate, egg quality indicators, and mortality of each group of laying hens were determined. The results showed that the average egg production rate of groups A, B and C was increased by 27.1% after forced moulting, and the average egg production rate of groups D and E was increased by 16.1% after forced moulting, and the average egg production rate of group F was decreased by 5.5%; the egg weight, eggshell strength, protein height, egg shape index, and thickness of eggshell tip of the 5 experimental groups （groups A-E） were increased by 2.5%, 11.8%, 8.8%, 3.3% and 14.8% respectively compared with the control group （group F）; the average mortality rate of the 5 experimental groups （groups A - E） was 2.5%, and that of the control group （group F） was 1.5%. In summary, the application of forced moulting technique can significantly increase the egg production rate of Hy-line brown laying hens and improve their egg qualities.