花毛茛和银莲花花瓣中花青素苷组成及含量与其花色的关系

以10个不同花色的花毛茛（Ranunculus asiaticus）和4个不同花色的银莲花（Anemone cathayensis）为材料，采用目视测色法，RHSCC 比色卡比色法，色差仪（CR-400）测定花瓣的花色表型，利用双光束紫外—可见光分光光度计（TU-1901）、高效液相色谱—电喷雾离子化—质谱连用技术（HPLC–ESI–MS）对花瓣中花青素苷的成分及结构进行测定，运用多元线性回归方法分析花色与花青素苷组成之间的关系。结果表明：8个积累花青素苷的花毛茛品种花瓣中检测到5种花青素苷元，即天竺葵素、矢车菊素、飞燕草素、芍药素和锦葵素，这些花青素苷元进一步修饰形成了15种花青素苷。红色系和粉色系品种以芍药素和矢车菊素为主要成分，黄色系品种以天竺葵素或类胡萝卜素为主要成分；经分析矢车菊素苷和天竺葵素苷含量均与亮度L*值呈显著正相关，其中天竺葵素苷的积累对花瓣亮度的贡献更大。银莲花4个品种花瓣中共检测出6种花青素苷元，分别为矮牵牛素、天竺葵素、矢车菊素、飞燕草素、芍药素和锦葵素，它们通过不同糖基化和酰基化修饰形成了20种花青素苷，呈现出丰富的花青素苷多样性。

Relationship Between the Composition and Content of Anthocyanin in Petals of Ranunculus asiaticus and Anemone cathayensis and Their Flower Color

This study uses 10 different color Ranunculus asiaticus and 4 different color Anemone cathayensis as the materials. It measures the flower color phenotype of petals with visual colorimetry method，RHSCC colorimetric card colorimetry and colorimeter（CR-400），and determines the composition and structure of anthocyanins in petals with UV-vis spectrophotometer（TU-1901）and high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry（HPLC–ESI–MS）. And then it analyzes the relationship between flower color and anthocyanin composition with multiple linear regression. The results shows that five anthocyanins are detected in the petals of eight anthocyanin accumulating varieties of Ranunculus asiaticus，namely，pelargonidin，cyanidin，delphinidin，peonidin and malvidin. These anthocyanins are further modified to form 15 anthocyanins. The red and pink varieties mainly contain peonidin and cyanidin，while in yellow variety，pelargonidin or carotenoid is the main anthocyanin component. According to the analysis，the contents of cyanidin glycoside and pelargonidin glycoside are positively correlated with L* value，and the accumulation of pelargonidin glycoside has a greater contribution to petal brightness. Six anthocyanin are detected in the petals of four varieties of Anemone cathayensis，namely，petunidin，pelargonidin，cyanidin，delphinidin，peonidin and malvidin. They form 20 anthocyanins by different glycosylation and acylation modification，showing rich anthocyanin diversity.