设施番茄单株成果数模型研究

单株成果数是番茄单株产量的构成因子,为了定量分析不同品种设施番茄单株成果数与环境条件之间的关系,以"美国摩尔一号"(B1,偏早熟)、"超世纪番茄大王"(B2,偏晚熟)和"美国903"(B3,中熟)为材料,于2009年、2010年和2011年开展了品种和施肥、品种和水分田间试验。通过分析不同品种、水分和施肥水平番茄坐果数、果实脱落数、开花数及现蕾数与环境因子的关系,建立了设施番茄单株现蕾数、单株花脱落数、单株果脱落数和单株成果数模型。经独立试验资料检验,设施番茄品种B1、B2和B3平均单株累积现蕾数实测值与模拟值的根均方差(RMSE)、平均绝对误差(Xde)和决定系数(R2)分别为2.452个(n=24)、1.851个和0.976,1.820个(n=24)、1.422个和0.948,1.849个(n=24)、1.464个和0.949。单株花脱落数实测值与模拟值的RMSE、Xde和R2分别为0.712个(n=16)、0.662个和0.786,0.730个(n=17)、0.662个和0.965,1.229个(n=16)、1.091个和0.952。单株果实累积脱落数实测值与模拟值的RMSE、Xde和R2分别为0.391个(n=15)、0.342个和0.849,0.439个(n=15)、0.346个和0.966,0.318个(n=15)、0.288个和0.961。单株成果数模拟值与实测值的RMSE、Xde和R2分别为0.839个(n=27)、0.712个和0.934,实测值与模拟值的吻合程度较好,说明模型可较好地模拟不同品种、水分和施肥水平设施番茄单株成果数。

Fruit-per-plant model for protected tomato

Fruit number per plant (FNP) is an important yield component of tomato plants. To quantitatively analyze the relationship between FNP of different protected tomato varieties and local environmental conditions, field experiments were carried out in Suoshi Village, Nanjing, in 2009, 2010, and 2011, respectively, involving tomato varieties and fertilizer and water uses. The "American mole 1" (B1, early maturing), "Chaoshijifanqiedawang" (B2, late maturing), and "American 903" (B3, medium maturing) tomato varieties were adopted as experimental materials in the study. In accordance with the processes of dynamic balance and self-regulation of buds, flowers, and fruit number per plant of various protected tomatoes varieties, the flower and fruit abscission number, bud number per plant, and FNP models were built by analyzing the relationships among the number of bud, flower abscission, fruit abscission, FNP, and local environmental factors. The effects of temperature, light, nitrogen, and water were introduced into the developed models. The models were validated using independent experimental datasets. The results showed the root mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute error (X_de), and determinant coefficient (R₂) for the simulated and measured values of bud number per plant to be 2.452 (n=24), 1.851, and 0.976 for B1; 1.820 (n=24), 1.422, and 0.948 for B2; and 1.849 (n=24), 1.464, and 0.949 for B3; respectively. Also the RMSE, X_de and R₂ for flower abscission number per plant were 0.712 (n=16), 0.662, and 0.786 for B1; 0.730 (n=17), 0.662, and 0.965 for B2; and 1.229 (n=16), 1.091, and 0.952 for B3; respectively. The RMSE, X_de, and R₂ for fruit abscission number per plant were 0.391 (n=15), 0.342, and 0.849 for B1; 0.439 (n=15), 0.346, and 0.966 for B2; and 0.318 (n=15), 0.288, and 0.961 for B3; respectively. Then the RMSE, X_de, and R₂ for FNP were 0.839 (n=27), 0.712, and 0.934, respectively. It was noted that the simulated values agreed well with the measured ones. This suggested that FNP of different protected tomato varieties under different water and fertilizer conditions were well simulated by the developed models in this study.