广西木薯主产区丛枝菌根真菌孢子多样性调查研究

目的]研究广西木薯主产区丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)的种类、分布及其多样性。方法]以尾叶桉和甘蔗地为对照样地,以广西北海、南宁、梧州等23个木薯产区采集的样品为试验样地,利用湿筛倾析法和蔗糖离心法对总共25个样地的AMF孢子组成及多样性进行研究。结果]从25个样地中共分离、鉴定出19种AMF孢子,隶属于球囊霉属(Glomus)、无梗囊霉属(Acaulospora)、巨孢囊霉属(Gigaspora)、盾巨孢囊霉属(Scutellospora)和内养囊霉属(Entrophospora)。其中,球囊霉属和无梗囊霉属是广西木薯地AMF孢子的优势类群。木薯地土壤孢子平均密度为4 891个/100 g干土。Margalef指数(d)为0.76±0.01,Shannon-Wiener指数(H)为1.29±0.01,Simpson指数(D)和均匀度指数(E)分别是0.63和0.67。结论]该研究为广西区木薯AMF资源多样性的保护和开发利用提供了基础资料。

Investigation on AMF Spore Diversity in Main Cassava Producing Area of Guangxi Autonomous Region

Objective] The purpose was to research the categories,distribution and diversity of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF) of main cassava producing area in Guangxi.Method] With Eucalyptus urophylla and sugarcane fields as control plots,and cassava samples taken from 23 cassava producing areas of Beihai,Nanning,Wuzhou etc.of Guangxi as test plots,the composition and diversity of AMF spores from 25 sample plots were studied by using sieving and decanting procedure and sucrose centrifugation.Result] 19 kinds of AMF spores were separated and identified from 25 sample plots,which were belonged to the genera of Glomus,Acaulospora,Gigaspora,Scutellospora and Entrophospora,among which Glomus and Acaulospora were dominant groups of AMF spore in Guangxi cassava field.The average density of AMF spore in cassava field was 4 891pcs/100 g of dry soil.Margalef index(d) was 0.76±0.01,Shannon-Wiener index(H) was 1.29±0.01,Simpson index(D) and evenness index(E) were 0.63 and 0.67 resp.Conclusion] This research had provided the basic information for the protection,development and utilization of AMF resource diversity of cassava in Guangxi autonomous region.