福建省水牛巴贝斯焦虫病调查研究 Ⅰ、基本情况

1981～1986年调查了374头牛,其中水牛323头,发病水牛54头,发病率达16.71%.经血液抹片检查,初步鉴定病原为巴贝斯属焦虫 Babesla sp.(种尚待鉴定)。虫体形态有单梨形、双梨形、椭圆形、环形,圆形(边虫形)和变形虫形等,分别占37.21%、35.03%、18.73%、7.87%1.34%和2.01%.本病多发生于春夏两季,以4、5两月最多。在福建本病仅发生于水牛上,黄牛和奶牛尚未见发病。临床症状以高热(39～41.6℃)嵇留、血红蛋白尿和贫血(红细胞降至214.72±81.02万/mm~3)为主要症状。本病的传播者为镰形扇头蜱 Rhipicephalus haemaphysalol-des(haemaphysaloides Supino 1897)。经解剖取出蜱的唾液腺,压片镜检发现唾液腺泡和唾液管内有许多活动的子孢子.

AN INVESTIGATION ON THE BABESIOSIS OF WATER BUFFALO IN FUJIAN Ⅰ.General Situations

During 1981-1986,an investigation was conducted on babesiosis of water buffalo in the Chongan County,Fujian,China.Fifty-four sick buffaloes were found in a cattle population of 374.The cause of the disease is Babesia sp.(sp.to be identified).The pathogen appeared in various sha- pes,ranging from the single or paired piriform,to the ellipse,annular, round and amoeboid shapes.The respective percentages appeared as 37 21%, 35.03%,16.73%,1.34%,7.67% and 2.01%,as surveyed by us.The disease unually occurred in the spring and summer season every year.However,pre- vailence appeared more often in the months from April to May.The disease attacked only the water buffaloes but not to other cattle.The symptoms of the disease were characterized by fever (39-41.6℃),haemoglobinuria, anemia (a drop to 2141.2±810.2 thousand erythrocytes/mm~3) and icterus. Tick (Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides naemaphysaloides Supino)was found to be the vector.After infection we found many motile sporozoite in the salivary tubes of the animal that could be easily discerned with the light microscope.