栽培甜菜和白花甜菜种间杂交后代无融合生殖的观察

栽培甜菜和白花甜菜杂交获得的Ｆ＿１代以栽培甜菜连续回交产生了Ｂ＿１Ｆ＿２代和Ｂ＿２Ｆ＿３代￣［４］．在Ｂ＿２Ｆ＿３代中，２ｎ＝２７的植株达３０．１９％，推测其中大多数染色体组仍为ＶＶＣ。具有ＶＶＣ染色体组的核型中，含９个白花甜菜校长的染色体和１８个较短的栽培甜菜染色体，差别明显，易于区分。我们通过对Ｂ＿１Ｆ＿２（Ｂ１４，２ｎ＝２７）和Ｂ＿２Ｆ－３（２ｎ＝２７）植株间形态特征相似性比较、两个世代植株有丝分裂特异核型比较、两类植株减粉分裂行为比较、过氧化物酶和酯酶同工酶酶谱相似性比较，有力地证明了栽培甜菜和白花甜菜种间杂交后代中，从Ｂ＿１Ｆ＿２（Ｂ１４）到Ｂ＿２Ｆ＿３之间传递上存在着无融合生殖现象。

Observation on Apomixis of Progenies of Interspecific Hybridization between Beta vulgaris L. and Beta corolliflora Zoss.

From interspecific hybridization between Beta,vulgaris L, and Betacorolliflora Zoss., We obtained the F_1VC88-1(2n = 36),which chromosomeset was VVCC. Through the backcrossing of VC88 - 1 and Beta vulgaris L.(2n = 18),we obtained the B_1F_2(2n=3x=27),which chromosome set was VVC.The progenies with different chromosome numbers were produced when wecontinued to backcross with Beta vulgaris L,and the B_1F_2, as the plants(2n=3x= 27)of B_2F_3 reached 30. 19% among them,we assumed that thechromosome set of B_2F_3 was still VVC, We made a comparison on thefollowing items between the B_1F_2 and B_2F_3, the morphological characteristicesof plants,the analysis of karyotype; the behaviours of meiosis,the enzymescore of peroxydase isoenzyme,and esterase isoenzyme, all these proved thatthe B_2F_3 and B_1F_2 were very similar,therefor we proved that the B_2F_3 wasproduced from apomixis of B_1F_2.