我国奶牛普通病的危害特点与防治对策

我国奶牛的普通病发病呈现逐年升高的趋势,尤其是内科病和产科病,大多数疾病呈隐性经过,因缺乏高效诊断技术这些疾病对我国奶牛业的健康发展危害较大,笔者着重分析了奶牛乳房炎、不孕症、营养代谢病、肢蹄病、胎衣不下、犊牛腹泻和真胃移位等常见疾病的发病情况、所造成的经济损失以及防治中存在的问题,并从流行病学调查、诊断技术、发病机理、防治药物、疾病监测体系、综合防控技术和奶牛标准化养殖等方面提出了奶牛普通病的防治对策。

Characteristics and hazards of common disease of dairy cows and its control strategy in China

The incidence of common diseases in dairy cattle in China shows an increasing trend,especially in internal medicine and obstetrical disease.Most of diseases appear to be a recessive process,and there were no effective diagnostic techniques for these diseases.Therefore,it is more harmful to sustainable development of dairy industry in China.The author focuses on analyzing the situation of disease occurrence,economic loss and existing problems in disease prevention and cure in some diseases,including mastitis,infertility,metabolic disorder,hoof disease,retention of afterbirth,calf diarrhea and displaced abomasums.It puts forward some countermeasures to prevent and treat common diseases,based on epidemiological investigation,diagnostic techniques,pathogenesis,drugs for prevention and treatment,disease surveillance systems,integrated prevention and control techniques and standardized breed in dairy cows.