梨树过氧化物酶同工酶分析及亲缘关系探讨

采用淀粉凝胶水平平板电泳,对10余个梨树品种(或类型)的若干器官或部分(新梢韧皮部、初始功能叶片、花药、幼果、贮藏期果实)进行了过氧化物酶(Peroxidasc)同工酶的测定,结果表明:在本试验条件下,梨树过氧化物酶同工酶酶谱可分为A、B、c、a四区);新梢韧皮部、幼果和贮藏期果实的皮部最适于同工酶分析;西洋梨与中国梨有种质区别;白梨和沙梨系统可视为一个种,该种中的品种又可分为两个类型;槎子梨和茌梨的幼果酶谱有一定差异;青皮槎和黄皮槎应属于同一营养系;鲁南一带的子母梨、面梨和油面梨有较近的亲缘关系;低产子母梨与子母梨在遗传上有差异,并非生态条件所致;新近选出的优良品系子母槎梨其亲本一是槎子梨,另一极可能是面梨。

STUDIES ON PEAR PEROXIDASE ISOZYME AND RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PEAR SPECIES

Starch gel electrophoresis was used to determine pear peroxidase isozyme. Several organs or parts (new shoot bast, preliminary functional leaf, anther, young fruit and preserved fruit)of more than ten species of pears were detected The results were as follows:Under the experimental condition, it was found that there were four areas (A, B, c, a )of the patterns of pear isozyme. The new shoot bast, young fruit and skin of preserved fruit were the best materials for analyzing such isozyme. Pyrus communis L were different in germplasm with China pear. P. bretschneideri Rehd and P. pyrifolia Burm were considered the same species, and it may be derided into two types in this species. The patterns of young fruit between Chai Zi pear and Chi pear were different. Both Qing Pi Chai pear and Huang Pi Chai pear may belong to the same vegetative clone. There were nearer relationship between Zi Mu pear, Mian pear and You Mian pear. Howevre, Di Chan Zi Mu pear was different in hereditary substance with Zi Mu pear. One of the parents of Zi Mu Chai pear selected lately was found to be Chai Zi pear, and another possibly Mian pear.