毕节地区烟叶致香物质研究

[目的]进一步明确毕节烟叶质量特点。[方法]对贵州省毕节地区8个县(市)参试点中、上部烟叶的重要致香物质进行分析研究。[结果]结果表明:毕节烟叶共检测到33种致香物质,其中酮类13种、醛类4种、醇类4种、酸类3种、酯类2种、杂环类6种、烃类1种;致香物质中新植二烯、糠醛、糠醇、茄酮、二氢大马酮、苯甲醇、巨豆三烯酮B和十六酸等化合物含量较高,其中新植二烯含量占香气物质总量的75%以上;中部叶和上部叶致香物质含量相当,中部叶(C3F)含量518.35~638.30μg/g,上部叶(B2F)含量481.83~672.59μg/g;上部叶致香物质含量呈现随海拔的升高而增加的趋势,中部叶致香物质含量与海拔无明显相关性。[结论]该研究为培育特色烟叶和提高烟叶质量提供了理论参数。

Study on Aroma Components of Tobacco Leaves in Bijie Area of Guizhou Province

[Objective] The research aimed to definitude further the quality characteristics of tobacco leaves in Bijie area in Guizhou province.[Method] Important aroma components in middle and upper parts of tobacco leaves in 8 counties(cities) of Bijie area in Guizhou province were studied.[Result] 33 kinds of aroma components were identified in these tobacco leaves,including 13 kinds of ketones,4 kinds of aldehydes,4 kinds of alcohols,3 kinds of acids,2 kinds of esters,6 kinds of heterocyclic ring compounds,1 kind of hydrocarbons.Contents of neophytadiene,furfural,furfuryl alcohol,solanone,damascone,benzyl alcohol,megastigmatrienone B and hexadecanoic acid were higher.Neophytadiene took above 75% of total aroma components.Contents of aroma components in middle and upper leaves were approximately equal,that in middle leaves(C3F) were 518.35～638.30 μg/g and that in upper leaves(B2F) were 481.83～672.59 μg/g.Content of aroma components of upper leaves showed an increasing trend along with the increasing of altitude,while there was no significant correlation between content of aroma components in middle leaves and the altitude.[Conclusion] This study provided theoretical parameters for breeding characteristic tobacco and improving quality of tobacco leaves.