高自由度机械加工控制系统研究

振动在高自由度机械加工系统中一直是影响最终加工精度的关键因素。为此，在研究了1～5自由度机械加工系统的基础上，给出了一种主动控制高自由度机械加工精度的通用方法。首先，利用计算机辅助识别技术求出了高自由度机械系统的数学模型，设计控制系统并求解出校正函数；然后复合计算机辅助设计和优化控制系统，进行主动控制；最后，通过振动测试并绘制导纳图得到测试数据。输入CAD程序后，数字仿真结果表明，加入校正后的机械加工系统的加工精度可以达到0．002μm。使用该方法可以有效地控制机械加工系统的振动，并实现高精度的加工。

Research of Mechanical Working and Controlling Systems with High-degree of Freedom

Vibration is always the key factor which influences the last processing precision in the high-Degree of Freedom (DOF) mechanical working system. This paper gives a universal method of controlling mechanical working accuracy forwardly base on the research of 1-5DOF mechanical working systems. At first, the mathematical model of mechanical system in high-DOF is obtained by computer aided identification. The control system is designed and the function for emendation is figured. Then the active control is taken by optimizing the control systems and accomplishing with CAD (Computer Aided Design). At last, the test datum is collected by vibrational test and draw admittance figure. The digital emulation shows the mechanical working accuracy is improved greatly after input the datum into the CAD program. By this method the vibration can be flatted effectively and the processing precision can be improved sharply.