赤霉菌含毒素代谢物对小黑麦愈伤组织和胚芽生长的影响

选用对赤霉病抗性水平不同的品种（系）和6个赤霉病菌株，采用双层培养技术，研究了赤霉菌含毒素代谢物对小黑麦愈伤组织和幼苗胚芽长度的影响。结果表明，和无毒素处理的对照相比，赤霉菌含毒素代谢物对愈伤组织生长有极显著或显著的抑制作用，而对幼苗胚芽生长有极显著或显著的刺激作用，田间对赤霉病（FHB）抗性差的品种分别受抑制程度最重和对刺激反应最迟纯。品种间、菌株间存在着极显著或显著差异，在幼苗胚芽长度上，发现品种和菌株间存在极显著的互作效应。分析后认为，在多菌株接种下，品种平均相对生长量（和对照相比）是一个更加可靠的抗性鉴定指标。

Effects of Fusarium metabolites on growth of callus and seedling in triticale

Fusarium metabolites contain many phytotoxic compounds closely related to their pathogenicity. The technique of double layer culture was used in this study to test the effect of the metabolites on growth of callus from embryos and on growth of coleoptile of seedlings in triticale. In total, 3 triticale cultivars(lines) with different levels of resistance to FHB and 6 pure isolates of F.graminearum and F.culmorum were measured. It was shown that, compared with mycotoxin free controls, the metabolites of some isolates had significant or extremely significant inhibition effect on the growth of callus and, meanwhile, significant stimulating effect on the growth of coleoptile. In the cultivar susceptible to FHB, the effect of inhibition was the strongest, while the stimulating effect was the weakest. Significant differences were found among genotypes of triticale or Fusarium isolates with respect to the effect on the growth of callus and coleoptile. Also, significant isolate genotype interaction was observed in measuring coleoptile growth. It is concluded that the average relative growth compared with the mycotoxin free controls is a more reliable criterion for evaluating the resistance of triticale genotypes to FHB.