50份哈萨克斯坦小麦高分子量谷蛋白亚基解析

为发掘优良的小麦种质资源，利用SDS-PAGE技术分析了50份哈萨克斯坦小麦种质高分子量谷蛋白亚基组成及其品质得分。结果表明，50份供试材料中共检测到8种亚基类型，其中在 Glu-A1位点有2种亚基类型（Null，1）， Glu-B1位点有2种亚基类型（7＋8，7＋9），在 Glu-D1位点有4种亚基类型（5＋10， 2＋10，2＋12，4＋12）。利用PCR分子标记对所得到的高分子量谷蛋白亚基进行验证，结果一致。在50份哈萨克斯坦小麦中，优质亚基1、7＋8、5＋10的出现频率较高，分别为34%、22%、56%。亚基组合Null/7＋9/5＋10在所有亚基组合类型中出现频率最高，为28%，品质得分为7分，而组合1/7＋8/5＋10出现频率仅为8%，品质得分为10分；供试材料品质得分大多为7、8分，平均为7.10分。出现频率较高的优质亚基可以作为改善现有品种亚基组成状况的亲本材料。

Analysis of High-Molecular Glutenin Subunits from 50 Kazakhstan Wheat Varieties

In order to discover excellent wheat germplasm resources,the composition and quality score of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits of 50 Kazakh wheat germplasms were analyzed by SDS-PAGE.The results showed that a total of eight subunit compositions were detected in the 50 tested materials,including two types (null and 1) at Glu-A1,two types (7+8 and 7+9) at Glu-B1 and four types (5+10,2+10,2+12 and 4+12) at Glu-D1. PCR molecular markers were used to verify the high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits,and the results were consistent. Among the 50 Kazakh wheat varieties,the frequencies of high-quality subunits 1,7+8 and 5+10 were 34%,22%,and 56%,respectively. The frequency of subunit combination null/7+9/5+10 was the highest among all subunit combination types,which was 28%,with the quality score of 7; while the frequency of combination 1/7+8/5+10 was only 8%,with the quality score of 10. The quality scores of the tested materials were mostly 7 or 8,with an average of 7.10. The varieties with high-quality subunits can be used as parental materials to improve the subunit composition of the current varieties.