新型高密度灌木幼苗移栽机仿真与试验研究

针对裸根灌木幼苗具有根系软、乱，股头多等特点，已有的链夹式移栽机不能满足小行距高密度移栽要求的问题，提出了一种可用于株距小于200mm、行距小于160mm，10行同时推进的新型灌木幼苗移栽机械。对高密度灌木幼苗的移栽工艺研究后，设计了移栽机栽植机构、放苗机构、起垄机构、旋耕机构及悬挂系统，并进行传动系统仿真，仿真表明，移栽机的传动系统达到移栽过程中设计要求。设计了一种的新型开沟器，且根据开沟器的实际受力特点，运用离散元技术和有限元分析技术对其进行仿真，仿真实验表明：开沟器的强度满足强度要求。对新型移栽机的物理样机进行现场移栽试验，试验结果表明，该移栽机能高效的解决根系软、乱，股头多的裸根灌木幼苗的移栽问题，并且平行排布，除草方便，适合小行距高密度移栽。 幼苗的植入深度（移栽深度）达7-12厘米，直立度达800-900， 移栽苗成活率达90%以上。

Simulation and experimental study of a novel high-density shrub seedling transplanterZHAO Meiqing1 WEI Lixin2 GUO Linyun2 NING Zhiqiang1

Aiming at the characteristics of bare root shrub seedlings such as soft, messy roots and many strands, the existing chain-clamp transplanting machine could not meet the requirements of small row spacing and high-density transplanting. A new transplanting machine was proposed for shrub seedlings with plant spacing less than 200mm, row spacing less than 160mm, and 10 rows advancing simultaneously. After studying the transplanting technology of high-density shrub seedlings, the planting mechanism, planting mechanism, ridging mechanism, rotary tiller structure, and suspension system of the transplanting machine were designed, and the transmission system simulation was carried out. The simulation showed that the transmission system of the transplanting machine reached the design requirements in the transplanting process. A new type of furrow opener is designed, and the actual stress characteristics of the furrow opener, the discrete element technology, and finite element analysis technology are used to simulate it. The simulation experiment shows that the strength of the furrow opener meets the strength requirements. The physical prototype of the new transplanting machine was tested in the field. The experimental results showed that the transplanting function effectively solved the transplanting problem of bare root shrub seedlings with soft, messy roots and many branches, and it was arranged in parallel, convenient for weeding, and suitable for small row spacing and high-density transplanting. Seedlings can be planted to a depth of 7-12 cm and have an orthostatic degree of 800-900. The survival rate of transplanted seedlings reached more than 90%.