一种快速鉴定羚牛组织的技术研究

羚牛(Budorcas taxicolor)是国家一级重点保护动物，被世界自然保护联盟(International Union for Conservation of Nature, IUCN)列为易危物种，但其被盗猎的行为时有发生。为了在打击盗猎时能够提供快速准确的鉴定证据，基于实时荧光定量PCR技术，通过筛选特异的荧光定量PCR引物，以期准确区分羚牛与鸡、牛、羊、猪等家禽家畜的组织样品。结果表明，引物tk-p3和tk-p5在羚牛肌肉组织中的表达水平显著高于鸡、牛、羊、猪，表明其可以在mRNA水平有效区分羚牛与家禽家畜的肌肉组织。但鉴于组织中mRNA容易降解的特性，进一步在基因组DNA水平进行定量检测，结果表明，引物tk-p3和tk-p5同样在羚牛中的表达水平显著高于鸡、牛、羊、猪。因此，筛选到的两对特异性荧光定量PCR引物tk-p3和tk-p5可用于快速准确地鉴定羚牛组织，为打击羚牛盗猎行为提供有效的技术支撑。

A Technique for Rapid Identification of Takin Tissue

Takin (Budorcas taxicolor) is a first-class protected animal in China and is listed as vulnerable by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN),however,takin was poached time to time.In order to provide a fast and accurate identification method for identify the muscle tissue of takin,real-time quantitative PCR technology was performed in this study.By screening specific fluorescent quantitative PCR primers,the tissue from takin was accurately distinguished from chicken,cattle,sheep,pigs.The expression levels of primers tk-p3 and tk-p5 in takin muscle tissue were significantly higher than those of chicken,cattle,sheep,and pigs,indicating that they could effectively distinguish takin muscle tissue from poultry and livestock at the mRNA level.However,for the easy degradation of mRNA,we further carried out quantitative detection at the genomic DNA level.The results showed that the expression levels of primers tk-p3 and tk-p5 were also significantly higher in takin than chicken,cattle,sheep and pigs.Therefore,the two pairs of specific fluorescent quantitative PCR primers tk-p3 and tk-p5 screened in this study can be used to identify takin tissues quickly and accurately,which provide effective technical support for striking the poaching of takin.