玉米株高遗传和育种几个问题的研究

玉米F_1株高主要决定于双亲平均株高,也受矮秆亲本遗传类型的影响,但与杂交组配方式和正反交关系甚小。F_1株高的绝对超亲量随双亲平均株高的增高而加大,相对超亲量却随之减小,但F_1株高的增量进度不受双亲平均株高的影响。玉米杂种自交一代株高的遗传特点为:受杂种优势影响,变异幅度与双亲株高差异的大小有关,分布有单峰和双峰两种。估算了玉米株高的遗传力。

STUDIES ON SOME PROBLEMS ABOUT THE INHERITANCE AND BREEDING OF PLANT HEIGHT IN CORN

The plant height of corn F1 depends mainly on the mean height of its parent inbred lines, as well as on the genotypes of the dwarf parents, but it is only slightly related to the types of cross-combinations, and to the reciprocal crosses. The higher the mean height of the parent inbred lines, the greater the differences between the plant height of F1 and that of the means of the parents, while the percentage of average hybrid vigor is getting smaller. However, the mean height of parents has no influence on the speed of increasing amount in plant height of F1. The hereditary features of plant height in hybrid corn S1 are as follows. In a generative population there do not appear plants that are lower than the lower parent, or approximate to the lower parent; the segregation ranges of S1 are related to the differential amounts of plant, height of parent inbred lines, and in the distribution of plant heights exist the single peak and double peak types.The heritablity of the plant height of corn has been estimated.