秋季南海中南部海域的一次灯光罩网探捕调查

文章根据2012 年9月~10月灯光罩网探捕调查的数据, 分析了秋季南海中南部海域罩网的渔场分布和主要渔获组成。根据相对重要性指数( IRI) , 鸢乌贼( Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis) 和鲣( Katsuwonus pelamis) 是优势种渔获, 鲔( Euthynnus affinis) 、扁舵鲣( Auxis thazard) 和圆舵鲣( A. rochei) 是重要种渔获, 细鳞圆鲹( Decapterus macarellus) 和长体圆鲹( D. macrosoma) 等是常见种渔获。鸢乌贼、金枪鱼类和圆鲹属是居前3 位的渔获类群, 分别占总渔获量的48.35% 、48. 3% 和0.98% , 其中小型金枪鱼类占比47.77% ; 渔获率区域差异明显, 西中沙海域411. 7 kgh-1 , 南沙海域25. 66 kgh-1 , 中心渔场位于1230N～1530N、11030E～11500E 海域。结果表明, 秋季依然是南海外海深水区灯光罩网主要的作业渔汛期, 除了鸢乌贼和大型金枪鱼类以外, 还需要加强外海小型金枪鱼类和圆鲹属鱼类的调查研究。

An exploratory fishing survey of light falling-net fisheries in the central and southern South China Sea in autumn

Based on the survey data from September to October in 2012, we analyzed the fishing ground and catch composition of large-scale light falling-net fishery in the central and southern South China Sea in autumn. According to the index of relative importance ( IRI) , Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis and Katsuwonus pelamis were the dominant species; Euthynnus affinis, Auxis thazard and A. rochei were the major species; Decapterus macarellus and D. macrosoma and so on were the common species. Generally, S. oualaniensis, tuna species and round scad were the main species which accounted for 48.35% , 48.33% and 0.98% of the total catches, respectively, and small tunas occupied 47.77% of the total. The catch rate varied significantly among different fishing grounds, which was 411.47 kgh-1 in Xisha and Zhongsha waters but only 25.66 kgh-1 in Nansha waters. The central fishing ground was located in waters of 1230N～1530N, 11030E～11500E. The results indicate that autumn is a very good fishing season for light falling-net in offshore waters. Besides, S. oualaniensis and larger tuna species, small tuna species and round scad should be further studied.