新疆地区马铃薯甲虫发育与温度关系的研究

研究了新疆乌鲁木齐地区的马铃薯甲虫在15、20、25、30 ℃和32 ℃及相对湿度75%下各虫态的发育历期和发育速率。结果表明，马铃薯甲虫各虫态的发育历期随温度的升高而缩短，发育速率随温度的升高而加快。其在20 ℃下完成整个世代需要59.2 d，而在32 ℃下完成1代则减少到32.9 d。并用直线回归法，得出各虫态的发育起点温度和有效积温分别为:卵期11.9 ℃和32.26日•度,幼虫期4.6 ℃和526.32日•度,蛹期5.1 ℃和270.27日•度,成虫产卵前期14.4 ℃和117.65日•度,整个未成熟期7.9 ℃和675.68日•度,整个世代8.1 ℃和832.35日•度。结合乌鲁木齐市各月平均气温和累积有效积温，推测出马铃薯甲虫在乌鲁木齐地区一年可以发生的理论代数为1.89代，与田间实际发生代数基本吻合。

The relationships between temperature and development of the Colorado potato beetle in Xinjiang

The developmental durations and developmental rates of each life stage of the Colorado potato beetle were determined under 75% relative humidity and 5 temperature treatments(15℃,20℃,25℃,30℃ and 32℃)in Urumqi,Xinjiang.The results showed that developmental durations decreased with increasing temperature,and developmental rates increased with increasing temperature. The developmental duration of the whole generation was 59.2 d at 20℃,and reduced to 32.9 d at 32℃.The development threshold temperature and the effective accumulative temperature of the eggs,larvae,pupae,pre-oviposition,immature stage and the whole generation were 11.9℃/32.26 degree-days,4.6℃/526.32 degree-days,5.1℃/270.27 degree-days,14.4℃/117.65 degree-days,7.9℃/675.68 degree-days and 8.1℃/832.35 degree-days,respectively,by using the linear regression method.According to the average temperature of each month and effective accumulative temperature in Urumqi,the theoretical generation number of Colorado potato beetle was presumed to be 1.89 per year,which was in accordance with the occurrence in the field.