丽江牡丹不同品种的生物学特性及耐水淹胁迫能力

对丽江紫、丽江粉和香玉板3个丽江牡丹品种的物候、枝条生长量及成花率进行了观测分析,结果表明:3个品种在物候特征方面差异较大,香玉板的生长发育节律和中原牡丹相似性较高,丽江紫的物候晚于中原牡丹品种,丽江粉则早于中原牡丹品种;香玉板枝条生长量达42.9cm,丽江紫和丽江粉分别达32.3、30.1cm,在丽江地区,丽江紫、丽江粉和香玉板的枝条实存率约为42%~53%,33%~46%和38%~52%。从生殖发育的特点看,香玉板与中原牡丹同属枝叶同放型,成花率和开花率高,而丽江紫和丽江粉花蕾有败育现象,花蕾发育晚于叶。在品种抗水淹能力评价方面,运用NR活性、RPP的变化和叶绿素总量下降率指标进行分析,结果表明:丽江紫抗水淹力最强,丽江粉次之,香玉板抗水淹能力较差。

Biological Characteristics and Moisture-stress Tolerance of Paeonia suffruticosa in Lijiang, Yunnan Province

The phenophase, branch biomass and floral development of three cultivars of Paeonia suffruticosa grown in Lijiang were analysed. Big differences in phonological features were found between the three cuhivars, Xiangyuban, Lijiangzi and Lijiangfen. Xiangyuban is similar to the Central Plain tree peony cuhivars in growth rhythm, and Lijiangzi is later and Lijiangfen is earlier than the Central Plain cultivars in phonophase. The branch biomass of Xiangyuban, Lijiangzi and Lijiangfen were 42.9, 32.3 and 30.1 cm, respectively. In Lijiang area, the actual-survival rates of Lijiangzi, Lijiangfen and Xiangyuban branches were 42% -53%, 33% -46% and 38% -52%, respectively. For the floral development, Xian- gyuban and Central Plain cuhivars belong to the simultaneous-growth form of branch and leaf, which have high flowering ratio and blooming ratio, while the flower buds of Lijiangzi and Lijiangfen grow later than leaf, which results in many abortive buds. The moisture-stress tolerance of these cuhivars showed that Lijiangzi has the best tolerance capacity of inundation, followed by Lijiangfen and Xianyuban in terms of some physiological indexes such as nitrate reductase variation, total chlorophyll content and relative permeability of leaf germplasm membrane.