土壤中砷·铅·铬·镉·镍检测前处理条件的优化

[目的]对土壤中砷、铅、铬、镉、镍重金属元素检测前处理过程进行条件优化,确定最佳前处理条件。[方法]采用正交试验法确定前处理过程中H2O2、HF和HCl用量,并比较预消解温度,确定最佳预消解温度。[结果]确定样品加入5.0 ml浓HNO3、1.5 ml HF、1.0ml浓HCl后,置于赶酸仪,在100℃条件下预赶酸10 min,冷却后补加1.0 ml浓HNO3、1.5 ml H2O2的土壤前处理方法,RSD5%,回收率为95.0%～101.7%。[结论]该试验条件具有较好的重复性,准确性较高,适合土壤砷、铅、铬、镉、镍重金属元素的测定。

Condition Optimization of Arsenic,Lead,Chromium,Cadmium and Nickel in Soil Detection Pretreatment Process

[Objective] The research aimed to optimize soil detection pretreatment process of arsenic,lead,chromium,cadmium and nickel,and determine the best treatment condition.[Method] The orthogonal test method was used to determine the pretreatment process of H2O2,HF and HCl dosage,and predigestion temperature was compared and the optimal predigestion temperature was determined.[Result] The method of adding 5.0 ml thick HNO3,1.5 ml HF,1.0 ml thick HCl to the sample in acid removing device,rushing the acid in the condition of 100 ℃ for 10 min,and cooling after adding 1.0 ml thick HNO3,1.5 ml H2O2 in the soil was defined.RSD<5%,and the recovery rate was 95%-101.7%.[Conclusion] The experimental condition with good repeatability,high accuracy was appropriate for the determination of arsenic,lead,chromium,cadmium,and nickel in the soil.