太行山前平原区常规作物生育期降水资源变化趋势分析

目的]分析太行山前平原区常规种植作物生育期的降水资源变化趋势。方法]利用位于太行山前区石家庄气象站近51年的逐日降水资料统计得出了9类常规种植作物生育期平均降水资源量,并采用Mann-Kendall非参数检验法对河北省典型农区太行山前平原区9大常规作物生育期的降水趋势进行了分析。结果]从不同作物生育期降水量来看,冬小麦生育期降水量最少,夏玉米次之,棉花、油料、蔬菜、果树、薯类、水稻、豆类生育期降水比较多;不同降水保证率水平下变化也有差异,小麦和玉米变化较大,水稻变化不大,棉花、油料、蔬菜、果树、豆类变化程度相当,薯类最大。从不同作物生育期降水量变化趋势来看,冬小麦生育期降水资源增加趋势显著,以0.62 mm/a的速度增加,其他作物生育期降水资源有减少的趋势,其中夏玉米和豆类以2.11 mm/a速度减少的趋势显著,棉花、油料、蔬菜、果树、薯类、水稻生育期降水资源减少趋势不显著。结论]该研究为农业灌溉水量的确定奠定了基础,也为区域农业节水提供了理论依据。

Study on the Tendency of the Precipitation of the Familiar Crops in Growth Period in the Piedmont Region before Taihang Mountain

Objective] The aim was to study the precipitation changes of plants during growth period in the piedmont region before Taihang Mountain.Method] Based on the daily precipitation data of Shijiazhuang meteorological station during 1957 and 2007 in the piedmont region before Taihang mountain,the precipitation of nine kinds of familiar crops in growth period and the tendency were studied by Mann-Kendall non-parameter test.Result] The precipitation tendency of winter wheat in growth period was increasing at a speed of 0.62 mm/a.However,the other crops in growth period had a decreasing tendency.The precipitation tendency of Summer maize and soybeans in the growth period decreased at the same speed which was 2.11 mm/a,while cotton,oil plant,vegetable,fruit tree,tubers and rice in growth period decreased insignificantly.Conclusion] The study laid foundation for agricultural irrigation and provided theoretical reference to the regional agricultural water-saving.