不同辣椒株系自交系主要农艺性状研究

目的]对15个辣椒(Capsicum annuum L.)自交系主要农艺性状进行调查和鉴定,并进行相关性分析和主成分分析。方法]供试材料为15份辣椒自交系,设3次重复,每小区定点调查5株,分别观测各参试自交系的植物学性状、光合特性及果实品质。产量为小区实际采收产量,每次采收单独称量记载。结果]叶柄长度与叶片长度和叶片宽度呈显著正相关,叶片长度与叶片宽度呈极显著正相关,相关系数达0.938 00;果柄长度与果肉厚度呈极显著负相关,相关系数达-0.677 00;青熟果的VC含量在16个指标里仅与红果VC含量呈极显著正相关,相关系数达到0.907 00;始花节位与果肉厚度呈显著负相关关系,始花节位越高,青熟果的果肉越薄,而单果重又与果肉厚度呈极显著正相关;单果重除了与果肉厚呈极显著正相关,还与果肩宽呈显著正相关;前期产量与折合产量呈极显著正相关,相关系数达到0.739 00;在5%的显著性水平下,69号单果重及56号单果长、果肉厚表现最为突出。结论]揭示各农艺性状间的相关关系及各性状与产量间的密切关系,为辣椒良种选育对各性状的选择提供科学依据,并为辣椒高产优质栽培提供理论参考。

Study on Main Agronomic Traits of Different Hot Pepper(Capsicum annuum L.) Inbred Lines

Objective] The purpose was to investigate and identify the main agronomic traits of 15 pepper inbred lines,and the correlation analysis and principal component analysis were done.Method] Test materials were 15 inbred lines of pepper,3 times,5 plants were surveyed in each plot and then their botanical characters,photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality were measured.Yield was actual harvest yield of plot,and recorded singly when harvesting.Result] Petiole length had significant positive correlation with leaf length and leaf width,leaf length had very significant positive correlation with leaf width and the correlation coefficient was about 0.938 00.Fruit stalk length had very significant negative correlation with fruit pulp thickness,and the correlation coefficient reached-0.677 00.In 16 indices,green mature fruit VC content was very significant positive correlation only with red fruit VC content,and the correlation coefficient reached 0.907 00.First flower node position had very significant negative correlation with fruit pulp thickness,namely higher first flower node position,smaller green mature fruit pulp thickness,while single fruit weight had very significant positive correlation with fruit pulp thickness.Single fruit weight had very significant positive correlation with fruit pulp thickness,and significant positive correlation with fruit shoulder width.Early yield and reduced yield showed significant positive correlation,and the correlation coefficient reached 0.739 00.At the 5% significance level,single fruit weight of No.69,fruit length and thickness of No.56 were most outstanding performance.Conclusion] The study reveals the relationship among the agronomic trait,between agronomic traits and yield traits,and provides a scientific basis for hot pepper breeding,and lays a theoretical reference for its high yield and good quality cultivation.