Evaluation of laryngeal mask as an alternative to endotracheal intubation in cats anesthetized under spontaneous or controlled ventilation |
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| Authors: | Cassu Renata N Luna Stelio P L Teixeira Neto Francisco J Braz José R C Gasparini Simone S Crocci Adalberto J |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, FMVZ, Unesp, Department of Veterinary Surgery and Anaesthesiology, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil;2. Faculty of Medicine, FM, Unesp, Department of Anaesthesiology, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil;3. Bioscience Institute, Department of Statistics, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil;1. Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China;4. Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China;2. Guangzhou Research Institute of Respiratory Disease, China Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong, China;3. National Center for Clinical Trials on Respiratory Diseases, Guangdong, China;1. Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA;2. Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA;3. Jurox Pty Ltd, Rutherford, NSW, Australia;1. Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania;2. Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia;3. Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia;4. Department of Public Health Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania;1. Cuerpo Académico de Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Escobedo, Nuevo León, México;2. Epidemiología Veterinaria, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Escobedo, Nuevo León, México;3. Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Canada |
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| Abstract: | OBJECTIVE: To compare the cardiorespiratory effects and incidence of gastroesophageal reflux with the use of a laryngeal mask airway (LMA) or endotracheal tube (ET) in anesthetized cats during spontaneous (SV) or controlled ventilation (CV). STUDY DESIGN: Prospective randomized experimental trial. ANIMALS: Thirty-two adult crossbred cats, weighing 2.7 +/- 0.4 kg. METHODS: The cats were sedated with intramuscular (IM) methotrimeprazine (0.5 mg kg(-1)) and buprenorphine (0.005 mg kg(-1)), followed 30 minutes later by induction of anesthesia with intravenous (IV) thiopental (12.5-20 mg kg(-1)). An ET was used in 16 cats and an LMA in the remaining 16 animals. Anesthesia was maintained with 0.5 minimum alveolar concentration (0.6%) of halothane in oxygen using a Mapleson D breathing system. Cats in both groups were further divided into two equal groups (n = 8), undergoing either SV or CV. Neuromuscular blockade with pancuronium (0.06 mg kg(-1)) was used to facilitate CV. Heart and respiratory rates, direct arterial blood pressure, capnometry (PE'CO2) and arterial blood gases were measured. Gastric reflux and possible aspiration was investigated by intragastric administration of 5 mL of radiographic contrast immediately after induction of anesthesia. Cervical and thoracic radiographs were taken at the end of anesthesia. Data were analyzed using anova followed by Student-Newman-Keuls, Kruskal-Wallis or Friedman test where appropriate. RESULTS: Values for PaCO2 and PE'CO2 were higher in spontaneously breathing cats with the LMA when compared with other groups. Values of PaO2 and hemoglobin oxygen saturation did not differ between groups. Gastroesophageal reflux occurred in four of eight and two of eight cats undergoing CV with ET or LMA, respectively. There was no tracheal or pulmonary aspiration in any cases. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The use of an LMA may be used as an alternative to endotracheal intubation in anesthetized cats. Although aspiration was not observed, gastric reflux may occur in mechanically ventilated animals. |
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| Keywords: | airway cat endotracheal intubation gastroesophageal reflux laryngeal mask |
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