LED光质对豌豆苗生长、光合色素和营养品质的影响

以豌豆苗为材料,采用基质穴盘培养的方法,研究不同LED光质处理(白光、红光、蓝光和红蓝光)对豌豆苗生长、光合色素(叶绿素a、b和类胡萝卜素)含量与营养品质(硝酸盐、维生素C、类黄酮和花青素含量)的影响.结果表明,与白光相比,蓝光与红蓝光处理显著提高了豌豆苗地上部生物量(P＜0.05),而红光对豌豆苗地上部生物量无影响.不同光质处理在豌豆苗根系生物量和总生物量指标上无显著差异.与白光处理相比,红蓝光处理显著提高了豌豆苗叶片中叶绿素a、b的含量(P＜0.05),但对类胡萝卜素含量无影响.在4种处理中,红光处理的叶绿素a含量最低,而蓝光处理的叶绿素b最低.红光和蓝光处理茎叶中类胡萝卜素含量间无差异,均显著低于白光和红蓝光处理(P＜0.05).红蓝光处理显著提高了豌豆苗叶片中维生素C的含量(P＜0.05),而红光和蓝光均无影响.不同光质处理的豌豆苗茎叶中硝酸盐含量和类黄酮含量无差异.白光处理的豌豆苗茎叶中花青素含量最高,蓝光处理最低.总之,蓝光和红蓝光可促进豌豆苗地上部生长,增加叶片叶绿素a、b含量,红蓝光处理可提高豌豆苗叶片维生素C含量；白光和红蓝光处理下豌豆茎叶中类胡萝卜素含量较高,白光处理的豌豆苗茎叶中花青素含量最高.说明蓝光和红蓝光有利于增加豌豆苗菜产量,而白光和红蓝光有利于提高豌豆苗的营养品质.

Effects of LED Light Quality on Growth,Photosynthetic Pigments and Nutritional Quality of Pea Seedlings

In order to elucidate the effect of light quality on growth, contents of photosynthetic pigments and nutritional quality, a on plants substrate-pot cultivation experiment was conducted in a growth glasshouse to investigate the effects of light quality , the content of photosynthetic pigments and nutritional substances in pea seedlings. The treatments of light quality were white light, red light （620nm）, blue light （460nm） and red plus blue light （620nm ＋460nm） by light-emitting diodes （LEDs）. The contents of photosynthetic pigments and nutritional substances were measured. The results showed that the treatments of blue light and red plus blue light increased significantly the shoot biomass of pea seedlings compared with the white light treatment （ P 〈 0. 05 ）, while the red light did not show any effect on the pea shoot biomass. The four spectral quality treatments presented similar root and total biomass of pea seedlings Compared with white light, red plus blue light improved chlorophyll a and b contents in leaves （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Among the four treatments, red light showed the lowest content of chlorophyll a, while blue light in the same way showed the lowest content of chlorophyll b. There were no difference between red and blue light treatments in carotenoid content for pea seedling shoot, and they were inferior to carotenoid content of white and red plus blue treatments （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. It was also observed that red plus blue light treatment improved the content of vitamin C in pea seedling shoot compared with white light treatment （P 〈 0. 05）, while red light and blue light did not show any effect. The four treatments of light quality did not have any effect on nitrate and flavonoid contents in pea seedling shoot. The concentration of anthocyanin substances of pea seedling shoot treated with white light was the highest among the four treatments, and that decreased in the follow order of red light, red plus blue light and blue light. In conclusion, the blue and red plus blue light promoted shoot biomass and contents of chlorophyll a and b, and red plus blue light increased shoot vitamin C content. Additionally, white and red plus blue light improved carotenoid content, and white light treatment presented the highest anthocyanin content. Therefore, selecting suitable light quality could increase yield and nutritional quality of pea seedlings. To summarize, blue light and red plus blue light could improve yield of pea seedlings, while white light and red plus blue light could promote nutritional quality of pea seedlings.