毛竹及其变种叶功能性状与影响因素

以毛竹、黄槽毛竹、花毛竹、厚壁毛竹、金丝毛竹为研究对象,分析比较其不同年龄立竹间叶功能性状特征,筛选主要叶功能性状指标,并探究影响毛竹及其变种叶功能性状的主要影响因子。结果表明:不同年龄毛竹及其变种叶功能性状存在差异,而竹种比年龄(1、3、5 a)对叶功能性状的影响程度大;主成分分析表明,影响毛竹及其变种叶功能性状的主要指标为叶全氮、叶全磷、叶绿素a、叶绿素b含量、叶绿素总量、比叶面积、叶含水量;叶全碳、叶全氮、叶全磷、叶绿素a、叶绿素b含量、叶绿素总量、叶面积、叶厚度、比叶面积、叶干物质含量、叶含水量、叶组织密度均与土壤养分呈显著相关。毛竹及其变种叶功能性状受土壤有效磷、全磷、碱解氮、有机质、全钾、速效钾含量的共同影响,其中有效磷、全磷、碱解氮含量是影响其叶功能性状的主要因子。叶养分元素(全氮、全磷)、叶绿素、叶形态性状(比叶面积、叶含水量)可作为毛竹及其变种筛选的主要叶功能性状指标,毛竹及其变种通过多性状间的功能协调形成最佳功能组合进而使其自身适应环境变化。

Leaf functional traits and influencing factors of Phyllostachys edulis and its varieties

The relationship between functional characters of leaves of Phyllostachys edulis,P.edulis f.luteosulcata,P.edulis f.Tao kiang,P.edulis f.pachyloen,and P.edulis f.gracilis at different ages were studied.The main indices of leaf functional characters were screened,and the main soil factors affecting leaf functional characters of P.edulis and its varieties were explored.The aim was to provide a scientific basis for the survival strategies of P.edulis and its varieties,and a scientific basis for diversity protection,and the utilization and sustainable and healthy management of P.edulis germplasm resources.Differences in leaf functional characters of P.edulis and its varieties at different ages were evident.The specific age of bamboo species(1,3,5 a)had a profound influence on leaf functional characters.Principal component analysis showed that the main indices affecting leaf functional characters of P.edulis and its varieties were leaf total nitrogen,leaf total phosphorus,chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,total chlorophyll,specific leaf area,and leaf water content.Leaf total carbon,leaf total nitrogen,leaf total phosphorus,chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,total chlorophyll,leaf area,leaf thickness,specific leaf area,leaf dry matter content,leaf water content,and leaf tissue density were significantly correlated with soil nutrients of P.edulis and its four variants.The leaf functional characters of P.edulis and its varieties were affected by available phosphorus,total phosphorus,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,organic matter,total potassium,and available potassium.Of these,available phosphorus,total phosphorus,and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen were the main soil factors affecting the leaf functional properties.The findings indicate that leaf nutrient elements(total nitrogen,total phosphorus),chlorophyll,and leaf morphological characters(specific leaf area,leaf water content)can be used as the main leaf functional traits of P.edulis and its varieties.P.edulis and its varieties form the best functional combination through the functional coordination among multiple characters to adapt to environmental changes.