山西吉县梨、李子土壤水分动态变化及其耗水研究

以山西省吉县梨、李子为研究对象，通过对两种果树0~100 cm各层水分状况进行量测，分析了土壤水分时空变化规律及降水量对土壤水分状况的影响，揭示了两种果树的耗水动态。结果表明:两种果树土壤水分在生长季内变化规律基本一致，土壤表层由于受降雨影响变率比较大。在雨季，60 cm以下土层含水量一般小于表层且受降雨影响较小；梨树土壤含水量与降雨量相关性较好，其相关系数为0.62，而李子由于本身土壤含水量较高，与降雨量相关系数为0.40，受降雨影响小于梨树；同时，梨树耗水量大于李子，梨树在4，5，6月份处于水分亏缺期，需要适时进行浇灌。

Study on Annual Dynamics of Soil Water Content and Water Consumption of Pear and Plum in Jixian, Shanxi Province

Studying on the pear and plum in Jixian, Shanxi Province, by measuring soil water content in depth 0～100 cm of pear and plum, the soil moisture dynamics and the influence of precipitation to soil moisture and the water consumption dynamics of two fruit trees were analyzed.The result indicated that soil moisture of two fruit trees varies approximately to the same trend in the growth period and the variation of surface layer is relatively higher by the influence of precipitation.In the rainy season, the soil water content of layers under 60 cm is lower than that the surface layers and is little influenced by precipitation;the relationship between soil water content of pear and precipitation is well and the correlation coefficient is 0.62, yet the correlation coefficient of soil water content of plum and precipitation is 0.40 for its soil water content is a little higher than pear’s with the result of little being influenced by precipitation;at the same time, the water consumption of pear is higher than that of plum.The pear is in the stage of water scarcity in the month of 4, 5, 6 and should be irrigated timely.