不同施氮条件下大豆形态与产量相关性状的QTL分析

大豆形态与产量相关性状是重要的育种目标,对于不同施氮条件有不同的生态类型。为明确不同氮肥水平下大豆形态与产量相关性状的QTL遗传基础,本研究利用由大豆杂交组合东农L13×合农60的RIL群体(156个株系)为遗传材料,在3个不同地点采用正常施氮与不施氮处理,利用株高、主茎节数、单株荚数、单株粒数、百粒重和单株粒重进行QTL定位。结果表明:两亲本在各个性状上存在显著差异,RIL群体符合正态分布,满足数量性状遗传特征,QTL分析共检测到71个调控相关性状的QTL,解释了3.88%～41.12%的表型变异。有6个QTL可在正常施氮肥和不施用氮肥条件下检测到,有29个QTL可在不施氮肥条件下检测到,42个QTL可在施氮肥条件下检测到。检测到调控相关性状的QTL中有45个是本研究新发现的。研究结果将为大豆氮肥适应生态类型的分子育种提供理论基础和技术支撑。

QTL Analysis of Morphological and Yield-Related Traits of Soybean under Different Nitrogen Levels

Soybean morphology and yield-related traits are important breeding targets. The corresponding ecological genotypes are suitable to specific nitrogen usage condition. In order to clarify the genetic basis of morphological and yield-related traits under different nitrogen levels, the 156 RILs derived from cross Dong L13 × Henong 60 were planted under normal and zero nitrogen usage in three environments. And we analyzed the QTL controlling the plant height, number of nod of main stem, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, 100-seed weight, and seed weight per plant. The results showed that there were significant differences between the two parents in each trait, and each trait of RIL population followed normal distribution with the genetic characteristics of quantitative traits. A total of 71 QTLs were detected by QTL analysis, which explained the phenotypic variation of 3.88%-41.12%. Six QTLs were detected under normal and no nitrogen application, 29 QTLs were detected under non-nitrogen application, and 42 QTLs were detected under nitrogen application. In this study, 45 QTLs of the detected regulatory traits were newly discovered. The results of the present research would provide theoretical and technological support for molecular breeding on nitrogen ecotype in soybean.