南方大豆种质种子耐浸水能力鉴定与分析

为鉴定比较南方不同大豆种质的耐浸水能力,为大豆种子耐浸水育种提供科学依据,本研究通过模拟田间渍害条件,对200份来自湖南等7省的南方大豆种质资源进行浸水处理120 h,然后进行标准发芽试验,记录各种质浸泡液电导率(CON120)、发芽势(GPP)、轻微损伤苗率(SISP)、发芽率(GP)和正常苗率(NSP)。采用基于主成分分析的综合指标法建立大豆种质耐浸水综合得分公式,用逐步回归分析筛选耐浸水关键指标,并建立耐浸水能力预测回归方程,计算各种质耐浸水能力值。研究结果表明:浸水处理后,200份南方大豆种质资源的CON120、GPP、SISP、GP、NSP均存在丰富的遗传变异,主成分分析提取两个主成分贡献率分别为64.03%和21.46%,逐步回归分析筛选出CON120、SISP、GP、NSP 4个耐浸水关键指标。不同来源地的大豆种质耐浸水能力存在差异,海南和广西大豆种质的综合耐浸水平均值较高,U值分别为0.885和0.748。综合指标法鉴定出ZDD16876等15份耐浸水能力强的大豆种质,来自广西、广东和湖南的大豆种质分别占40.00%、20.00%和20.00%。地方品种中,广东耐浸水种质比率高,广西次之,育成品种(品系)中,海南耐浸水种质比率最高。鉴定出的耐浸水种质将为今后大豆耐浸水育种提供材料基础。

Seed-flooding Tolerance Identification and Comparison of Soybean Germplasm Resources in Southern China

In order to identify and compare the submergence tolerance of different soybean germplasm in southern China and provide scientific basis for submergence tolerance breeding of soybean seeds, in this study 200 soybean germplasm resources(consisted of 160 landraces and 40 cultivars) coming from seven southern provinces of China were seed-flooding treated for 120 h. And then standard germination test was conducted.We counted the electrical conductivity of soaking solution after treated for 120 h(CON120), measured the germination potential percentage(GPP), the slightly injured seedling percentage(SISP), the germination percentage(GP), and the normal seeding percentage(NSP). Comprehensive tolerance index based on principal component analysis was used to establish scoring formula, stepwise regression analysis was used to select key indicators. And then, prediction regression equation of water resistance was established, soybean seed flooding tolerance values were calculated. The results showed that there were abundant genetic variations in CON120, GPP, SISP, GP, NSP of 200 soybean germplasm resources. Two principal components were extracted, with contribution ratio 64.03% and 21.46% respectively. Seed-flooding tolerance ability of soybean germplasm resources form different provinces were different. The mean value of comprehensive seed-flooding tolerance of soybean from Hainan and Guangxi province was higher than others, with average U value 0.885 and 0.748 respectively. 15 soybean germplasms with high seed-flooding tolerance, including ZDD16876 et al., were screened out by using comprehensive index. The 40, 20 and 20 percent of the 15 high seed-flooding tolerance germplasms were from Guangxi, Guangdong and Hunan province respectively. In the land races, seed-flooding tolerance ratio of soybean from Guangdong was the highest, followed by Guangxi. In the varieties, seed-flooding tolerance ratio of soybean from Hainan was the highest. These high seed-flooding tolerance soybean germplasm resources could be used for seed-flooding tolerance breeding.