长白山典型林区主要河流两岸森林资源变化研究

本文对两期遥感图像进行解译，并在GIS支持下提取露水河林业局主要河流两岸各缓冲区森林资源信息，经分析得到各类地物在1985年及1999年的变化趋势。结果表明：在河流沿岸对森林的采伐强度1999年较1985年明显减小，整体生态环境较1985年有所改善。在缓冲区1，2，3除中龄针叶林大幅度增加外，其它地物类型面积均减少，由此可以看出，在这三个缓冲区内针叶林得到了较好的恢复。在缓冲区4内，中龄针叶林、成熟针叶林、成熟阔叶林形成一个林龄梯队，有利于森林生态系统的稳定与功能的发挥，十五年间缓冲区4受到的干扰相对较小。湿地数量在四个缓冲区内均有所减少，虽然在缓冲区4内森林生态系统恢复的较好，但湿地面积仍有所减少，说明保护及恢复湿地资源是一件非常艰巨的任务，必须引起高度重视。图5表2参12。

Forest resources variation along with the main rivers in typical forest region of Changbai Mountains

The restoration of the riparian vegetation disturbed by human activities is one of the hotspots of watershed ecology. Through interpreting the images of Remote Sensing in 1985 and 1999, the basic information of forest resources of Lushuihe Forest Bureau, which is a typical forest area of Changbai Mountain, was obtained with support of GIS. By dividing Land covers of Lushuihe area into 10 types (water body, residential land, stump land, farming land, wetland, mature conifer forest, midlife conifer forest, mature broadleaf forest, midlife broadleaf forest, and man-made young forest) and dividing the riparian zone into four buffers (in turn, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 m away from the river), the changes of riparian forest resources during 1985-1999 were analyzed. The results showed that the deforestation intension has obviously decreased and the whole environment has been evidently improved, but the riparian ecosystem was still flimsy. In buffer 1, 2, 3, the area of midlife conifer forest increased largely, but the areas of other types of land covers all decreased. Midlife conifer forest had a comparatively good status in the three buffers. In buffer 4, midlife conifer forest, mature conifer forest, and mature broadleaf forest formed a forest-age rank that is helpful to stabilize the forest ecosystem and exert its functions. Area percentage of wetland decreased in buffer 1, buffer 2, and buffer 3, even in buffer 4 in which forest ecosystem rehabilitated comparatively well, so protecting and rehabilitating wetland is a very difficult task.