丁草胺等除草剂对水稻生理生化的影响

在盆栽水稻上用丁草胺、恶草酮、二氯喹啉酸、灭草松等进行土壤或茎叶处理，测定了药后水稻的伤流量、叶鞘内游离氨基酸含量、蔗糖含量、总酚含量的变化。结果表明，丁草胺、二氯喹啉酸处理后5、10、15d水稻的伤流量均比对照低，20d后则比对照高，说明药后早期根系活力被抑制；各处理的水稻叶鞘内游离氨基酸含量均比对照有所增加，而蔗糖含量则均比对照减少，其中丁草胺（60％EC，1350ml/hm^2)处理后10、16d及恶草酮（12％EC，1350ml/hm^2)处理后16d的蔗糖含量比对照显著减少；丁草胺1350ml/hm^2、灭草松（48％SL）1500、3000ml/hm^2处理后稻叶鞘内的总酚含量有所下降，而其他处理则比对照有所增加。

INFLUENCES OF HERBICIDES ON PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY OF RICE

Influences of herbicides on the physiological and biochemical matters of rice were investigated in potted rice. The bleeding amount of rice decreased 5,10,15 days after treatment with bu-tachlor and quinclorac, but increased 20 days after treatment. These results indicated that the activities of rice root system were inhibited in 15 days after treatment and restored in 20 days after treatment . During the period of 5 - 20 days after treatment with butachlor, oxadiazon, bentazon, the total amount of free amino acids in rice leaf sheath increased but the increase was not significant compared with control. Butachlor (60? 1350ml/hm2 ) treatment significantly decreased the amount of sucrose in the rice leaf sheath 10,16 days after treatment, oxadiazon treatment (12? 1350ml/ hm2) did the same. Other treatments did not showed remarkable decrease insucrose amount. Treatments with two rates of herbicides could cause insignificant change of the total amount of phenols in the leaf sheath compared with control.