高油玉米主要性状的遗传规律

用13个遗传背景不同的玉米自交系，有用不完全双列杂交设计，研究了高油玉米主要性状的配合力和相关分析。结果表明，主要性状的加性方差都明显大于显性方差。各性状狭义遗传力由高到低的顺序为株高＞穗长＞行粒数＞穗行数＞叶片数＞穗位高＞单穗粒重＞百粒重＞穗粗＞茎粗＞单穗重。叶片数的杂种优势不明显，其他数量性状均表现出正向优势。对单穗产量影响较大的性状为百粒重、穗长、穗粗。

The genetic regular of main characteristics of high oil maize

With 13 maize self lines that have different heredity, using incomplete dialed crosses,the combining ability and correlation analysis of high oil maize were studied. The results showed, the main characters gene additive effect are more important than non additive effect; the narrow sence heredity of high oil maize has the high to low sequence of number of plant height, spike length, head progomy, row number, row grain number, leaf number, ear height, single ear yield, thousand kernel weight, ear rough, stem rough, single ear yield. Those characters of plant height, spike length, row grain number, which had higher heredity, can be selected since earlier gene rations and gained expected effects. Leaf number has no obvious heredity, and other character showed positive heterosis. The characters that greatly effect single ear yield are hundred kernel weight , spike length, ear rough.