外源添加物对小麦幼胚成苗质量的影响

为了提高小麦快速育种过程中幼胚成苗质量,以扬麦15号开花后8～16 d幼胚为材料,研究了不同外源添加物对小麦幼胚成苗质量的影响.结果表明,不同外源添加物对小麦幼胚成苗率、根系生长、茎粗等的影响存在显著差异.在1/2 MS培养基中添加0.5%的麦芽提取物(Malt extract)的幼胚苗生长质量最好,其中12～14 d幼胚经培养14 d后幼苗根系长达到16.3 cm,而且侧根多,幼苗健壮,成苗率可达到99.2%;添加0.1 mg/L NAA的次之;添加0.1 mg/L 2,4-D的幼胚苗生长缓慢,生根量显著低于对照,侧根少,成苗率低;添加0.1 mmol/L硝普钠(SNP,Sodium nitroprusside)后,虽然幼胚能够萌发,但幼胚苗根系短、发育缓慢、无侧根发生,随着SNP浓度的升高(0.5～1.0 mmol/L),则表现出抑制幼胚萌发,但其抑制效应可以通过添加0.1 mg/L GA解除.因此,在小麦快速育种过程中,幼胚成苗培养宜选用花后12～14 d的幼胚,并给培养基中添加0.5%的麦芽提取物.

Effect of Exogenic Substances on Seedling Development of Wheat Immature Embryos

To improve the quality of immature embryos seedling during wheat breeding,the effects of different exogenic substances on immature embryos seedling development were studied using immature embryos of Yangmai15 as materials.The results showed that there were significant differences in the frequency of seedling,root development and so on after supplied with different exogenic substances in culture medium.The best quality of wheat immature embryos seedling were observed on medium supplied with 0.5% malt extract...