典型花生种子脱壳特性试验及有限元仿真研究

为研究花生种子机械脱壳变形和等效应力变化规律,改进脱壳装备设计,以辽宁地区主栽品种花育23和鲁花1号花生种子为研究对象,以破壳力和变形量为试验指标,加载速度、含水率、加载方式和品种为影响因素,对花生种子作单因素试验分析,建立花生壳和花生仁有限元模型,采用ANSYS软件对其静力学仿真。结果表明,加载速度、含水率、加载方式和品种对破壳力均影响显著(P0.05);加载速度增加25%,破壳力和变形量下降7.54%及2.11%;含水率增加6.6%,破壳力和变形量上升19.7%及8.5%。花生壳不同加载方式有限元仿真最大变形量分别为2.34、3.23和3.86 mm,变形量与压缩载荷之间存在非线性关系,花生仁最大变形量约为花生壳的32%,试验结果与有限元仿真相近。研究为优化花生种子脱壳设备关键部件设计,降低脱壳破损提供参考。

Experimental and finite element simulation of typical peanut seeds shelling characteristics

In order to study the deformation and equivlent stress for peanut seeds during the processe of mechanical shelling,and improve the design of the shelling equipment,the single factor tests of peanut seeds were conducted.Two kinds of peanuts that cultivated in Liaoning Huyu 23 and Luhua 1 were selected as tested objects.The rupturing force and deformation were selected as the test indexes,the loading velocity,moisture content,loading method and variety as the influence factors.Based on ANSYS software,finite element model of peanut shell and peanut kemel were set up,and conducted static simulating for it.The results showed that the loading rate,moisture content,loading method and variety had significant influence on the rupturing force (P＜0.05);as the loading velocity increased by 25％,the rupture force and the deformation decreased by 7.54％ and 2.11％;as the moisture content increased by 6.6％,the rupture force and the deformation were increased by 19.7％ and 8.5％.The maximum deformation of peanut shell with different loading methods of in finite element simulation were 2.34 mm,3.23 mm and 3.86 mm,the relation between deformation and compressive load was nonlinear.The maximum deformation of peanut kernel was approximately 32％ of peanut shell deformation.The simulation results were near to the experimental results.This study will provide reference data for further improving the performare of peanut shelling machinekey components and reducing shelling damage.