新疆博格达山岩面生地衣物种多样性

为了查明新疆博格达山岩面生地衣物种多样性及其分布特征,在研究区内的不同垂直带随机设立样方采集地衣标本,使用形态解剖观察和化学检测法鉴定地衣种类;以地衣的盖度为指标计算多样性和相似性系数。结果表明:博格达山地区共有岩面生地衣37种,隶属于11科21属,其中壳状地衣种类占优势,充分体现了岩面生地衣对干旱环境的适应特征。通过相似性指数的分析得知,山地荒漠带和高山垫状植物带的岩面生地衣相似性最高,为0.682和0.517。山地针叶林带和高山垫状植被带岩面生地衣相似性最低,分别为0.250和0.127。多样性指数显示岩面生地衣的多样性在低海拔和高海拔带较低,而中海拔带较高的特征。研究表明,博格达山独特而复杂的环境为地衣提供多种栖息地,从而丰富了地衣多样性。其中山地森林带微环境多样,岩面生地衣物种多样性最为丰富,是岩面生地衣的核心分布区。山地荒漠和草原带人为干扰较多,导致地衣种类的减少。

Saxicolous Lichen Species Diversity in Bogda Mountains,Xinjiang

For saxicolous lichen species diversity in Bogda Mountains,Xinjiang,China,we studied the saxicolous lichens species diversity between the five different vegetation zones by using the sampling method,and identified the lichens by morphoanatomical observation and chemical spot tests.The lichens population similarity and diversity index were calculated according to the lichen species coverage in different sampling points.The 37 saxicolous lichen species belonging to 21 genera and 1 1 families were found on rock in the Bogda Mountain,crustose lichens were the most common and dominated.The St~rensen and Jaccard species similarity between mountain desert and alpine cushion belt was the highest,respectively,0.682 and 0.517,between mountain forest and alpine cushion belt was the lowest 0.250 and 0.117.The lichen diversity highest in the lowest in mountain desert and alpine cushion belt,and highest in mountain coniferous forest belt.The Bogda Mountain unique and complex environments to provide a variety of habitat for lichens,which enriches the diversity of lichens in this area.The microclimate habitats diversity in the mountain forest was very high,the lichen communities in mountain forest had the richest species diversity,and it was the main distribution center of saxicolous lichen diversity in Bogda Mountain area.