油菜花期潜叶蝇的发生与农业景观的关系

不同农业景观能够影响生态系统生物控害与授粉的服务与功能,但同时也可能影响害虫的种群密度。为了探明江西赣北地区不同农业景观背景下油菜潜叶蝇种群动态,应用广义线性模型分析了农业景观构成因子与油菜潜叶蝇种群数量的关系。结果表明:油菜初花期、盛花期和终花前期,不同样地之间油菜潜叶蝇种群发生趋势相似,在油菜盛花期潜叶蝇为害最重,但不同样地之间的潜叶蝇种群数量差异显著。区域范围农业景观构成因素对油菜花期潜叶蝇发生数量有显著影响。草地面积、森林面积与油菜潜叶蝇的种群数量呈显著正相关关系,耕地面积在中等范围尺度(1 000m半径)与油菜潜叶蝇发生数量负相关。研究结果表明高比例的作物生境反而有相对更低的油菜潜叶蝇种群。本研究内容可以为分析农业景观的生态服务功能提供研究案例,为不同生态农业区域油菜潜叶蝇种群防控提供参考资料。

Relationship between agricultural landscape composition and population density of Chromatomyia horticola during oil seed rape bloom

Agricultural landscapes impact the ecosystem services of biological control and pollination, but they may also affect the density of pests. In order to understand the effect of different agricultural landscape backgrounds on population density of the oilseed rape leaf miner Chromatomyia horticola, surveys were conducted at three times during rape flowering at 18 experimental sites in different landscape contexts in Northern Jiangxi. Generalized linear models with a negative binomial error distribution were used to analyze the relationship between leaf miner density and landscape composition. The results showed that during the initial flowering stage, full-blossom period and flower preliminary final, the population of C. horticola demonstrated similar trend. Serious damage occurred during full-bloom, and the density of leaf miners differed substantially among different experimental sites. Landscape variables correlated with densities of C. horticola. Grassland and forest area near the surveyed fields had a significant positive correlation with pest density, whereas arable land area in mid-range scales (1 000m radius) had a negative correlation with the occurrence of C. horticola. These results indicated that landscapes with more arable land had lower prevalence of the rape leaf miner. Further work is needed to corroborate and explain these findings. The current paper should be a case study for the analysis of ecosystem services, also may provide reference materials for ecological control of C. horticola