近几年我国马铃薯晚疫病流行特点分析与监测建议

马铃薯晚疫病是马铃薯上的重要病害,是影响马铃薯产业发展的主要制约因素。本文系统总结了2008-2014年我国马铃薯晚疫病的发生概况及特点,分析了其影响因素。该病害年度间、地区间、品种间发生不平衡,北方产区受气候因素影响大,西南及中原产区常年偏重发生。2012年、2013年马铃薯晚疫病在全国范围内偏重发生,局部大发生,发生范围广、流行扩展速度快、危害重。在气候、菌源量、品种抗性及防治因素中,气候是影响马铃薯晚疫病发生流行的最重要因素。

Occurrence characteristics and monitoring advice of potato late blight in China in recent years

Potato late blight, the most important disease on potato, is the main critical factor affecting the production of potato. The occurrence characteristics and driving factors of the disease during 2008-2014 were analyzed. The occurrence of the disease fluctuated with the year, region and cultivar. In northern planting region, the disease was notably affected by the climate, while in southwestern and central China, the disease often occurred seriously in recent years. In 2012 and 2013, potato late blight occurred seriously in China with large area, rapid epidemic rate and severe damage. Among the four driving factors, climate, fungi, cultivar resistance and disease control, the climate was the most important factor affecting the disease to occur