生物菌肥和钾肥配施对苹果钾素吸收及果实品质的影响

为了研究生物菌肥和钾肥对苹果果实品质及生长发育的协同作用,以7 a生'瓦里短枝'(Vallee spur Del)为研究对象,设置T1(K2O 420 kg·hm-2)、T2(生物菌肥2520 kg·hm-2)、T3(生物菌肥2520 kg·hm-2+K2O 294 kg·hm-2)、T4(生物菌肥2520 kg·hm...

Effects of combined biological fertilizer and potassium fertilizer on potassium absorption and fruit quality of apple

To study the synergistic effects of biological fertilizer and potassium (K) fertilizer on the quality, growth, and development of apple fruit, 7|year|old Vallee spur Del was selected as the research object. Six treatments, including T1 (420 kg·hm^-2 of K₂O), T2 (2 520 kg·hm^-2 of biological bacterial fertilizer), T3 (2 520 kg·hm^-2 of biological bacterial fertilizer + 294 kg·hm^-2 of K₂O), T4 (2 520 kg·hm^-2 of biological bacterial fertilizer + 420 kg·hm^-2 of K₂O), T5 (2 520 kg·hm^-2 of biological bacterial fertilizer + 546 kg·hm^-2 of K₂O), and CK (No biological bacterial fertilizer and potassium sulfate) were set up to study the effects of different fertilization treatments on K uptake, soil enzyme activity, rhizosphere microorganism quantity, and apple fruit quality. The results showed as follows: (1) T3, T4, and T5 significantly increased K agronomic efficiency, K contribution rate, and K partial productivity compared with T1 (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between T4 and T5. (2) The order of K accumulation in different organs was T5>T4>T3>T1>T2>CK. T4 and T5 had no significant difference but were significantly higher than other treatments (P<0.05). (3) The activities of soil sucrase, polyphenol oxidase, alkaline phosphatase, urease, as well as the number of bacteria, actinomycetes, and fungi in rhizosphere soil significantly increased after combined application of biological bacterial fertilizer and K fertilizer (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference among T3, T4, and T5 (P<0.05). (4) The root activity in 0~120 cm soil layer, average single fruit weight, soluble solid content, Vc content, and fruit firmness were significantly increased (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between T4 and T5 (P<0.05). (5) The single fruit weight, soluble solid content and Vc content were positively correlated with soil microbial quantity and soil enzyme activity. In conclusion, the biological fertilizer of 2 520 kg·hm^-2+K₂O of 420 kg·hm^-2 was a reasonable amount of fertilizer application in the test area, which effectively improved the utilization efficiency of Kfertilizer, soil fertility, and fruit quality.