12个桃品种的花芽休眠需冷量和开花需热量

在浙西南地区研究12个桃品种花芽休眠需冷量和开花需热量生态指标.犹他模型测定结果显示:12个桃品种中,花芽休眠需冷量低的品种为春蜜、超红、中油11号、中油7号、中油4号,约为550～650 cu；其次是丽油5号、仓方早生、燕红、丽油3号、早凤凰,约为650～ 800 cu；需冷量高的品种为新川中岛和赤月,约为900～ 950cu.同一地区不同品种需热量差异较大,同一品种年际间差异相对较小.以生长度天模型试验结果表明:开花需热量低的品种为赤月和丽油3号,大约400 ～ 500 d·℃；其次是新川中岛,大约500～600 d·℃；春蜜、丽油5号、早凤凰、中油4号、中油7号、仓方早生和燕红大约600 ～ 700 d·℃；需热量较高的是中油11号和超红,约为700～800 d·℃.12个桃品种花芽休眠需冷量与开花需热量之间呈乘幂函数曲线显著负相关.

The Requirements of Chilling for Bud Dormancy and Caloric for Blooming for 12 Peach Varieties

Chilling requirement for bud dormancy and caloric requirement for blooming of 12 Peach varieties grown in southwestern Zhejiang were studied. With the use of Utah model, results showed that: among the 12 peach varieties, those with low chilling requirement (550-650 cu) were Amygdalus persica ‘Chunmi’, Prunus persica ‘Chaohong’, P. persica var. nectarine ‘Zhongyoutao11, P. persica var. nectarine ‘Zhongyoutao7’ and Prunus persica var. nectarine ‘Zhongyoutao4’, those with middle chilling requirement (650-800 cu) were P. persica var. nectarine. ‘Liyou5’, P. persica ‘Cangfangzaosheng’, P. persica ‘Yanhong’, P. persica var. nectarine. ‘Liyou3’ and P. persica ‘Zaofengwang’, and those with high chilling requirement (900~950 cu) were P. persica ‘Xinchuanzhongdao’ and P. persica ‘Chiyue’. Large differences of caloric requirements for blooming were found among different varieties grown in the same area, but small differences were found within the same variety in different years. A two-year consecutive experiment showed: the low caloric-requirement (400-500 d·℃) varieties were P. persica ‘Chiyue’ and P. persica var. nectarine ‘Liyou3’, the middle caloric-requirement (500-600 d·℃) varieties were P. persica ‘Xinchuanzhongdao’, A. persica ‘Chunmi’, P. persica var. nectarine ‘Liyou 5’, P. persica var. nectarine ‘Zhongyoutao4’ and P. persica var. nectarine ‘Zhongyoutao7’, and the higher caloric-requirement varieties (600-700 d·℃) were P. persica ‘Zaofengwang’, P. persica ‘Cangfangzaosheng’, P. persica ‘Yanhong’ and P. persica var. nectarine ‘Zhongyoutao11’, and the highest caloric-requirement varieties which need 700-800 d·℃ were P. persica ‘Chaohong’. There was a significantly negative correlation in power function between chilling requirement and caloric requirement of the 12 peach varieties.