基于InVEST模型的云南小江流域生态系统碳储量及空间格局研究

[目的]量化区域生态系统碳储量,为区域山地碳库的建立和管理,改善区域生态系统碳储量功能平衡,协调区域经济发展和生态环境保护提供科学依据。[方法]基于InVEST模型,利用小江流域DEM、土地利用、土壤等数据,对该流域生态系统碳储量进行评估,分析碳储量的空间差异。[结果]小江流域生态系统总碳储量为11.58 Mt,平均碳储量为37.84 t/hm~2,土壤碳含量较低,仅占流域总碳储量的1/3。碳储量空间分布差异较大,流域中部地区,即昆明市东川区的碳储量较低,东南部的寻甸回族彝族自治县整体碳储量较高,就垂直梯度上,在海拔1 800~2 900 m生态系统碳储量功能较强,而河谷低地和高山草地碳存储的能力最弱。[结论]针对不同区域采取不同的管理措施,能有效调节小江流域碳储量的平衡,更好地促进区域内生态系统固碳功能。

Study on Carbon Storage and Spatial Pattern Based on InVEST Model in Xiaojiang River Basin of Yunnan Province

[Objective]To quantify carbon storage in regional ecosystem not only provide effective scientific basis for establishment and management of carbon pool, but also improve the function of carbon storage in the regional ecosystem.Besides, it can also coordinate the relationship between regional economic development and ecological environmental protection.[Method]Based on the DEM, land use data and soil data, we used the InVEST model to assess the carbon storage and its distributing pattern in regional ecosystem in Xiaojiang River Basin.[Result]The results showed that the total carbon storage of the watershed was 11.58 Mt, and the average carbon storage was 37.84 t/hm2.The level of soil carbon storage was relatively low, accounted for one third of the total carbon storage in Xiaojiang River Basin.The spatial distribution of carbon storage differed greatly.The value in the central region of the watershed was lower, where the Dongchuan district of Kunming City was located.The carbon storage in the Xundian Hui and Yi autonomous county in the southeast of the watershed was higher.From the vertical gradient, the carbon storage was concentrated in 1 800-2 900 m in elevation, and the lower value was in the valley and alpine meadow area.[Conclusion]The management measures should be adjusted to the different areas, which can control the carbon balance in the Xiaojiang River Basin effectively, and promote the regional carbon sequestration.